Animal handling final 1 Flashcards
4 reasons we use clippers in a veterinary hospital?
1) Grooming purposes – matting - around hind end, ears, sedated cat shaves (lion cuts) for senior arthritic cats and those who resist grooming
2) Medical reasons - cleaning up abscesses and hot spots
3) Surgical preps – shaving abdomen for spays, scrotal and groin area for dog neuters, orthopedics
4) IV catheter prep, ultrasounds
Will clipping with the growth or against the growth of the hair will minimize the appearance of lines?
With
True or False
you should clean clippers in between every patient
True
3 reasons why nail trimming is so important?
- Nails can grow into the pads of the feet, leading to pain and infection
- As cats age, their nails thicken as they do not shed their nails as often
- Nails that are too long can cause pain by creating pressure on the toes
when walking
4 things to have ready and close before you start trimming nails?
1) Appropriately-sized nail trimmers
2) Silver nitrate sticks or styptic powder
3) Gauze and peroxide or saline for cleaning up if needed
4)Lots of high value treats, including canned kitten food and peanut butter
5 reasons why it is so important to maintain healthy skin and coat?
- Provides a barrier of protection against external threats
- Functions as an important part of the immune system
- Coat efficiently regulates body temperature
- Critical in maintaining proper hydration
- Skin is the storage site for several nutrients
What are 5 reasons why the skin and coat of dogs and cats can be unthrifty?
1) Disease-related; Thyroid disease, Cushing’s disease, kidney and liver disease
2) Nutritional disorders
3) Parasites (both internal
and external)
4) Allergies
5) Cancer
Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids improve what?
skin and coat health
4 - 7 reasons why bathing is necessary
- Maintain coat
- Promote skin health
- Cleanliness
- Minimizes shedding
- Reduces allergies of owners
- Helps to provide relief from their allergies
- Decreases the chance of skin infections
True or false:
The health of the animal can be determined by looking at their overall skin and coat condition
True
True or False
Cage dryers can cause burns if not monitored
True
5 reasons why should we groom dogs and cats
- Vital to health and well-being
- Prevents irritation, infections and issues with skin and coat
- Bathing reduces the build-up of any dirt and debris
- Brushing reduces the dead fur build-up and prevents matting, which can cause irritation and sores 5. Skin can be checked for any lumps, sores or parasites
5 reasons why should we groom dogs and cats
- Vital to health and well-being
- Prevents irritation, infections and issues with skin and coat
- Bathing reduces the build-up of any dirt and debris
- Brushing reduces the dead fur build-up and prevents matting, which can cause irritation and sores
5. Skin can be checked for any lumps, sores or parasites
list 4 to 6 Basic Grooming Procedures
1) Brushing
2) Bathing
3) Ear cleaning
4) Eye cleaning
5) Nail trimming
6) Dental care
True or false
Plucking hairs in ears can lead to otitis
True
When would you pluck the hair in a dogs ear? and why
If a dog has chronic ear infections, it should have its ears plucked to increase air circulation and allow medication to work.
Why should we clean ears before instilling ear medication?
Medication is not as effective when having to penetrate through the debris
What should you always do before cleaning ears?
Collect samples on swabs for microscopic evaluation of debris
Bacterial or yeast infections usually cause what colour debris
dark brown debris
Ear mites leave what type of debris and are quite itchy
dark waxy
True or False
Aural hematomas can develop from head-shaking
and scratching
True
What shaped ear canals do dogs and cats have?
L-Shaped
What is the definition of compulsive behaviour?
Unwanted actions that are engaged in repeatedly and consistently, even if they are not wanted
3 Common Feline Compulsive Disorders
1) Hyperesthesia
2) Grooming disorders -psychogenic alopecia (over-grooming), self-mutilation
3) Pica
What cat breeds have a higher incidence of compulsive behaviours?
Purebred Oriental cats, such as Siamese and Burmese
Purebred Oriental cats, such as Siamese and Burmese, have a higher incidence of what disorder?
Compulsive behaviours
- Over-grooming
- suckling, wool sucking
- self-mutilation
- pica
- hyperesthesia
All examples of what disorder in cats?
feline compulsive disorders
What are 4 examples of compulsive behaviours in cats?
1) Over-grooming
2) suckling, wool sucking
3) self-mutilation
4) pica
5) hyperesthesia
What is the definition of pica?
Abnormal appetite for non-food items
A cat with an abnormal appetite for non-food items is called?
Pica
What is hyperesthesia
Extreme sensitivity in an area on a cat’s skin.
A condition where a cat has extreme sensitivity in an area on the skin is called?
Hyperesthesia
4 Symptoms of hyperesthesia
- Skin or muscle twitching/rippling commonly at the tail base or thoracolumbar area
- Sudden bouts of intense grooming
- Self-mutilation or attacking the hind end, feet or tail
- Freezing with tail swishing
- Sudden turning or darting movements
What are two underlying factors of compulsive behaviour in cats?
Environment and breed predisposition
How is Environment an underlying factor of compulsive behaviour in cats
Living in an indoor only environment and not being able to carry out normal behaviour, cat may increase self-maintenance behaviour as a substitute for lack of hunting.
Define resiliency
The ability to withstand and recover
quickly from difficulties
Define Gut-brain axis
The bidirectional communication between GI tract and the brain
True or False
Gut microbes help shape normal neural development, brain biochemistry and behaviour
True
Resilience Rainbow 7 domains include:
1) Decompression
2) Completing the Stress Cycle
3) Safety and Security
4) Mental and Physical Wellbeing
5) Predictability
6) Social Support
7) Agency
Define Decompression (Resilience Rainbow)
The process of reducing a dog’s stress, specifically mental pressure
Define Agency (Resilience Rainbow)
The feeling of control
5 of the F response” to stress
Fight, flight, freeze, fawn, fidget
What are 3 dog breeds that have a higher incidence of compulsive behaviours?
Dobermans
Labrador Retrievers
Border Collies
Compulsive Behaviour in Dogs where Non-painful areas are licked and chewed as a form of self-appeasement when chronic pain is present – especially if a painful area can’t be reached is called?
Lick granuloma/self-mutilation
What are 4 examples of compulsive behaviours in dogs?
1) Repetitive vocalization
2) licking, self-mutilation
3) staring into space
4) holding an object or part of the body in the mouth
True or False
The brain and gut are connected?
True
Gut-Brain axis
True or False
Stress can also show up in other medical issues besides anxiety, such as inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and allergic skin disease.
True
4 Immediate action Compulsive Behaviour in Dogs
1) Identify and help avoid triggering stimuli and events
2) Stop punishing or intervening to stop the behaviour, as the dog may become aggressive
3) Clear areas of items if the dog is excessively circling or tail chasing
4) Change the environment
True or false:
Feline aggression is less serious than canine aggression.
False
4 - 6 reasons why cats scratch surfaces?
1) Leave pheromones behind from scent glands on pads
2) Territorial - visual claw marking
3) During times of social tension
4) To stretch out
5) Maintain feet and nails
5) Attention-seeking behaviour
What are some considerations when introducing dogs to each other for the first time?
Age, breed and temperament
Age, breed and temperament of a dog, all should be considered when?
When introducing dogs to each other for the first time
What are 4 reasons for elimination problems in cats?
- Underlying medical reasons
- Litter box (size, placement) and substrate (litter)
- Behavioural issues
- Stress
True or false
a sign of urine marking vs inappropriate urination is if they are urinating on a soft surface
False - it is marking if sprayed on a vertical surface
What are 5 reasons for elimination problems in dogs?
1) Incomplete house-training
2) Unrealistic owner expectations
3) Inconsistency
4) Underlying medical issues
5) Behavioural issues
4 Medical issues that could cause Elimination Issues in Dogs
1) PU/PD
2) GI upset
3) Pain on elimination
4) Pain or discomfort in assuming the position to eliminate
5) Observe any change in the odour or appearance of eliminations
4 Medical issues that could cause Elimination Issues in cats
1) renal insufficiency
2) diabetes mellitus
3) polyuria or polydipsia (PU/PD)
4) gastrointestinal (GI)
5) urinary tract function
6) feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD)
7) osteoarthritis
What are 6 types of aggression in cats?
- Play
- Aggression towards people
- Inter-cat
- Territorial
- Pain-related
- Maternal
4 Immediate intervention of feline aggression?
- Dont use punishment
- Prevent cat from coming into contact with their focus of aggression
- Supervise cat, or at times when this is impossible, use a harness and leash
- Allow easy access to an escape route
True or False
Abnormal aggression is a fairly common behavioural problem in cats
True
- usually directed towards other cats, especially unneutered males.
Owners need to be made aware of warning signs that the cat is likely to behave aggressively
- What are 4 warning signs?
1) Tail twitching
2) Flattening of the ears
3) Stiffening of the shoulders and legs
4) Dilatation of pupils
5) Hissing and spitting
True or false
Adolescent dogs can exhibit risk taking behaviour and fear sensitivity.
True
What is the difference between play aggression and aggression?
Play aggression occurs when kittens are young and oftentimes occurs when they were not raised with their littermates. If it isn’t play aggression, fearful body language will be displayed, and they will be growling, snarling and biting other animals or people.
True or false:
When trimming nails, you should always take a large chunk off to start
False
- You should always identify the quick and start with trimming small amounts at a time.
Kittens who are not raised with their litter mates, are more likely to display what aggression?
Play-Aggression
