Nutrition Final Flashcards
Supplementation of which water-soluble vitamin is recommended prior to conception, and throughout pregnancy, to prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida? When is the neural tube of the developing fetus formed during pregnancy?
Folate
Forms very early in pregnancy
During pregnancy, glucose metabolism can become altered, much like in the setting of type II diabetes. What is the name of this condition?
Gestational Diabetes
Pregnancy increases the demand for which trace mineral? Absorption efficiency of this trace mineral increases during pregnancy. Hint: This mineral is essential for generation of the fetal circulatory system, as well as the maternal increase in blood volume that occurs during pregnancy.
Iron
Pregnancy increases the demand for which major mineral? Absorption efficiency of this major mineral increases during pregnancy. Hint: this mineral is essential for the generation of the fetal skeletal system.
Calcium
Which fat-soluble vitamin enhances the absorption of calcium
Vitamin D
This fat-soluble vitamin is essential for fetal growth and development due to its role in cell differentiation. However, caution should be used when supplementing this micronutrient, as toxicity during pregnancy can cause birth defects.
Vitamin A
This trace mineral is essential for growth and development due to the fact that it is needed to make thyroid hormone. Therefore, it is important that pregnant individuals consume sufficient amounts of this micronutrient. However, toxicity of this micronutrient should be avoided, as it can cause harm to the developing fetus.
Iodine
Injection of this fat-soluble vitamin is recommended immediately after birth to decrease the bleeding risk for the infant. What is the fat-soluble vitamin, how does it contribute to decreased bleeding risk, and why do infants require increased amounts?
Vitamin K
Assists with blood clotting- infants are at a higher risk for deficiency
How is the way in which we use BMI to assess weight status different among children and adolescents?
A child’s BMI is compared to other children of the same age and sex. This gives a more accurate idea of where they are at instead of looking at just one number
Due to its role in growth and development, symptoms of deficiency in this fat-soluble vitamin occur sooner in children. Hint, this micronutrient plays a role in cell differentiation.
Vitamin A
In the setting of severe vitamin D deficiency, what condition occurs among children? What are the health effects of this condition?
Rickets- lead to bone deformities, softens bone,
Children and adolescents have high calcium requirements. Why does this population require more calcium? How does the body compensate for increased calcium needs among children and adolescents?
There is rapid bone growth before the age of 25. The body prioritizes calcium absorption in the body.
The most common nutrient deficiency in the world is especially prevalent among children and pregnant women.
Iron
What kind of fat distribution would be the most dangerous/most closely associated with the risk of developing a chronic disease such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or metabolic syndrome?
android and visceral
We discussed a micronutrient that derives methionine from homocysteine. The result is lowered homocysteine. Which micronutrient performs this function, and which other micronutrient is the action of this micronutrient dependent on?
Vitamin B
