Anatomy ch. 9,10, 11pt 1

Question 1

Fibrous Joints

Answer 1

connected by collagen fibers
Suture, syndesmoses, gomphoses

Question 2

Suture

Answer 2

between bones of the skull
functionally: synarthroses

Question 3

syndesmoses

Answer 3

Connected: ligaments
functionally: amphiarthroses
distal articulation of tibia and fibula

Question 4

gomphosis

Answer 4

peg-in- socket
functionally: synarthroses
tooth in its socket

Question 5

cartilaginous

Answer 5

have little movement, lack joint cavity
connected: cartilage
Synchondroses, symphyses

Question 6

synchondroses

Answer 6

Connected: hyaline cartilage to bone
Functionally: synarthroses
epiphyseal plates

Question 7

symphyses

Answer 7

Connected fibrocartilage disc
Functionally: amphiarthroses
IV disc, pubic symphysis

Question 8

Synovial

Answer 8

articulates with synovial joint cavity
Functionally: diarthrosis

Question 9

plane joint

Answer 9

back and forth movement only
ex: carpals, tarsals

Question 10

hinge joint

Answer 10

convex surface fits into concave
ex: elbow, knee

Question 11

pivot joint

Answer 11

primarily for rotation
ex: atlas axis, radius

Question 12

condylar joint

Answer 12

oval shaped bone fits into elliptical depression
ex: between radius and carpals, phalanges and metacarpals

Question 13

saddle joint

Answer 13

articular surface are both saddle shaped
ex: trapezium and thumb

Question 14

Ball- and- socket joint

Answer 14

ball fits into cup like
ex: shoulder and hip

Question 15

Influences on stability

Answer 15

articular surfaces, ligaments, muscle tone

Question 16

4 functional muscle properties

Answer 16

contractility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity

Question 17

contractility

Answer 17

myofilaments responsible fot shortening cells

Question 18

excitability

Answer 18

nerve signals excite cells

Question 19

extensibility

Answer 19

contraction of a skeletal muscle stretches opposing

Question 20

elasticity

Answer 20

recoil after being stretched

Question 21

skeletal muscle

Answer 21

striated, multi-nucleated, voluntary

Question 22

smooth muscle

Answer 22

not striated, 1 nucleus, involuntary

Question 23

cardiac

Answer 23

striated, 1 nucleus, involuntary

Question 24

epimysium

Answer 24

dense regular CT surrounding entire muscle

Question 25

perimysium

Answer 25

fibrous CT that surrounds each fascicle

Question 26

endomysium

Answer 26

CT around each muscle fiber

Question 27

nerve and blood supply

Answer 27

one nerve, one artery, one or more veins

Question 28

fascicle arrangements in skeletal muscle

Answer 28

circular, convergent, parallel, pennate

Question 29

circular

Answer 29

fascicles arranged in rings
ex: orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi

Question 30

convergent

Answer 30

broad origin, fascicles converge toward tendon of insertion
ex: pectoralis major

Question 31

parallel

Answer 31

fascicles run parallel to long axis of muscle
strap like: sternocleicomastoid, sartorius
fusiform: bicep brachii

Question 32

pennate

Answer 32

fascicles short and attach obliquely to tendon that run whole length of muscle “feather”
unipennate: extensor digitorum longus
bipennate: rectus femoris
multipennate: deltoid

Question 33

fascicle arrangement

Answer 33

tells us about action of muscle

Question 34

prime mover (agonist)

Answer 34

big responsibility for a certain movement

Question 35

antagonist

Answer 35

opposes or reverses movement

Question 36

synergist

Answer 36

helps primer move

Question 37

fixator

Answer 37

types of synergist that holds bone firmly in place