Nutrition Diet and Oral Health, &general health Flashcards
Example of undernutrition
vitamin d deficiency causes rickets (osteomalacia)
What is rickets?
insufficient mineralization of osteoid at the growth plate
skeletal deformation
Vitamin D deficiency is the most common cause
- limits Ca2+ uptake causing hypocalcemia which affects enamel, dentin, anc cementum as well as bone
how to calculate BMI
weight in kg / height in meters^2
what is the normal BMI
18.5 - 24.9
what bmi is considered overweight
25-29.9
what bmi is class i obesity
30-34.9
how does nutrition relate to oral health?
if affects the development of teeth and the development and maintenance of the oral tissues
- often first signs of malnutrition are seen in the mouth
what is the oral sign of deficiency in vitamin C
gingivitis/periodontitis
Protein deficiency has been linked to
periodontal disease
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is one of the nutrients most associated with
periodontal health
what happens when there is increased systemic inflammation
periodontal pathogens enter circulation
what is protein energy malnutrition?
increases caries susceptibility
malnutrition results in defectively formed enamel that is poorly calcified and this susceptible to decay
undernutrition causes delayed eruption and exfoliation of the dentition
PEM effects on salivary gland function and saliva quality
results of vitamin D deficiency during teeth development
cause defects in the enamel that render the tooth susceptible to dental caries
more common in overweight and obese children and in children from minority backgrounds
what is one of the most well-documented nutrients associated with periodontal health?
vitamin c
what is a potential modulator for periodontal health?
dietary calcium
what is evidence based practice?
a combination of evidence, clinical expertise, and patient’s needs and preferences
microbiome vs microbiota
microbiome refers to collection of genomes from all the microorganisms in the environment
microbiota refers to those within a specific environment
Microbiomics
the study of the microbiome.
Metagenomics
is the genetic analysis of the microbial
communities contained in natural living environments.
Metaproteomics
study of proteins in the interface
between the microbiome and the host.
Metatranscriptomics
study of gene expression of
microbes within a natural living environment.
Metabolomics
study of metabolic by-products of the
microbiome- host interaction.
how many distinct bacteria does the oral cavity contain?
100-200
what bacteria was associated with severe early childhood caries?
streptococcus
porphyromonas
actinomyces
what are factors that influence dysbiosis
genetics salivary proteins salivary flow rate innate adaptive immunity oral hygiene diet smoking diseases antibiotics
