Nutrition Diet and Oral Health, &general health

Question 1

Example of undernutrition

Answer 1

vitamin d deficiency causes rickets (osteomalacia)

Question 2

What is rickets?

Answer 2

insufficient mineralization of osteoid at the growth plate
skeletal deformation

Vitamin D deficiency is the most common cause
- limits Ca2+ uptake causing hypocalcemia which affects enamel, dentin, anc cementum as well as bone

Question 3

how to calculate BMI

Answer 3

weight in kg / height in meters^2

Question 4

what is the normal BMI

Answer 4

18.5 - 24.9

Question 5

what bmi is considered overweight

Answer 5

25-29.9

Question 6

what bmi is class i obesity

Answer 6

30-34.9

Question 7

how does nutrition relate to oral health?

Answer 7

if affects the development of teeth and the development and maintenance of the oral tissues
- often first signs of malnutrition are seen in the mouth

Question 8

what is the oral sign of deficiency in vitamin C

Answer 8

gingivitis/periodontitis

Question 9

Protein deficiency has been linked to

Answer 9

periodontal disease

Question 10

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is one of the nutrients most associated with

Answer 10

periodontal health

Question 11

what happens when there is increased systemic inflammation

Answer 11

periodontal pathogens enter circulation

Question 12

what is protein energy malnutrition?

Answer 12

increases caries susceptibility
malnutrition results in defectively formed enamel that is poorly calcified and this susceptible to decay

undernutrition causes delayed eruption and exfoliation of the dentition

PEM effects on salivary gland function and saliva quality

Question 13

results of vitamin D deficiency during teeth development

Answer 13

cause defects in the enamel that render the tooth susceptible to dental caries

more common in overweight and obese children and in children from minority backgrounds

Question 14

what is one of the most well-documented nutrients associated with periodontal health?

Answer 14

vitamin c

Question 15

what is a potential modulator for periodontal health?

Answer 15

dietary calcium

Question 16

what is evidence based practice?

Answer 16

a combination of evidence, clinical expertise, and patient’s needs and preferences

Question 17

microbiome vs microbiota

Answer 17

microbiome refers to collection of genomes from all the microorganisms in the environment

microbiota refers to those within a specific environment

Question 18

Microbiomics

Answer 18

the study of the microbiome.

Question 19

Metagenomics

Answer 19

is the genetic analysis of the microbial

communities contained in natural living environments.

Question 20

Metaproteomics

Answer 20

study of proteins in the interface

between the microbiome and the host.

Question 21

Metatranscriptomics

Answer 21

study of gene expression of

microbes within a natural living environment.

Question 22

Metabolomics

Answer 22

study of metabolic by-products of the

microbiome- host interaction.

Question 23

how many distinct bacteria does the oral cavity contain?

Answer 23

100-200

Question 24

what bacteria was associated with severe early childhood caries?

Answer 24

streptococcus
porphyromonas
actinomyces

Question 25

what are factors that influence dysbiosis

Answer 25

genetics
salivary proteins
salivary flow rate
innate adaptive immunity
oral hygiene
diet
smoking
diseases
antibiotics