Nutrition Ch. 12 Flashcards
What is the normal range for BMI?
18.5 - 24.9
What is considered underweight for BMI?
what could be the cause of this?
< 18.5
- anorexia
- children or older adults who rely on others for calories
What is considered overweight for BMI?
25 - 29.5
What is considered obese (class I) for BMI?
30 - 34.9
What is considered obese (class II) for BMI?
35 - 39.9
What is considered extreme obesity for BMI?
> 40
what does abx mean?
antibiotics
What objective data is obtained during a nutritional assessment?
sudden weight loss or gain
BMI
Waist-to-hip ratio = waist circ / hip circ
What waist-to-hip ratio indicates upper body obesity and an increase for early mortality?
men and woman
> or equal to 1.0 in men or 0.8 in women
What waist circumference indicates an increase for DM and CV disease?
men and women
> 40” in men and >35” women
Clinical signs of nutritional deficit:
Iron
anemia, spoon-shaped nails, pale conjunctivae, fatigue
Clinical signs of nutritional deficit:
Protein
Dull, dry hair; muscle wasting; edema; low serum pre-albumin level
Clinical signs of nutritional deficit:
Vitamin C
Splinter hemorrhages: bleeding gums; joint pain
Clinical signs of nutritional deficit:
Vitamin A
Eye changes: dryness, plaques
eat carrots
Clinical signs of nutritional deficit:
Thiamine
confusion, hyporeflexia, nephropathy.
seen in alcoholics
Clinical signs of nutritional deficit:
Calcium and vitamin D
Muscle pain, weak bones, rickets
Vitamin D needed to absorb calcium
Clinical signs of nutritional deficit:
Vitamin B Complex
Glossitis (red, swollen tongue)
what is Kwashiorkor?
Anasarca
(protein malnutrition) is caused by diets high in calories but little or no protein. They may appear well nourished or even obese.
Anasarca = whole body edema
what is Marasmus?
(protein-calorie malnutrition) is caused by inadequate intake of protein and calories or prolonged starvation.
Undernutrition risk factors
impaired growth and development, lowered resistance in infection and disease, delayed wound healing
what is GERD
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
what is CKD
Chronic kidney disease
what is OA
osteoarthritis
what is OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
what is CA
cancer
what is Rickets
Sign of vitamin D and calcium deficiencies in children causes the bone to soften and bow
what is a CVA
cardioVascular Accident (stroke)
when is a comprehensive nutritional assessment done?
for individuals identified to be at nutritional risk during screening dietary history clinical information physical examination anthropometric measures laboratory tests
What is the recommended weight gain during pregnancy for women of normal weight, under weight, over weight and obese?
25 to 35 lb for normal weigt
28 to 40 lb for underweight
15 to 25 lb for overweight
11 to 20 lb for obese
when is a comprehensive nutritional assessment done?
for individuals identified to be at nutritional risk during screening dietary history clinical information physical examination anthropometric measures laboratory tests
when is a comprehensive nutritional assessment done?
for individuals identified to be at nutritional risk during screening
dietary history
clinical information
physical examination
anthropometric measures (measurements and proportions of the human body)
laboratory tests
what is a CVA
CardioVascular Accident (stroke)
What is an indicator of Android Obesity
where is fat distributed?
waist to hip is > than or equal to 1 (men) 0.8 (women)
fat is distributed over the abdominal region
what is conjunctivae?
the mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids
What is an indicator of Gynoid Obesity
where is fat distributed?
waist to hip is < 1 (men) 0.8 (women)
fat that forms around the hips, breasts and thighs
