Nutrition And Matabolism 1 Flashcards
Proper nutrition requires a balance of the three basic food types
Carbohydrates, fat, and proteins
A deficiency or imbalance in the consumption of food, vitamins, and minerals
Malnutrition
Do use the body makes of food after they have been digested, absorbed, and circulated to celles
Metabolism
Two ways of the body uses nutritients
As an energy source and as building blocks
Occurs when food molecules and yourselves and undergo many chemical changes
Assimilation
All the chemical reactions that release energy from food molecules make up
Catabolism
Many chemical reactions that bill food molecules into more complex chemical compounds constitute the process of
Anabolism
The liver cells synthesize several kind a protein compounds that are called what when released into the blood
Plasma proteins
To plasma proteins it play in essential part and blood clotting
Prothrombin and fibrinogen
What can deliver store
Glucose, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin D
Preferred energy food of the body
Carbohydrates
Steps of glucose catabolism
Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transfer systems
Glycolysis requires no oxygen so it is referred to as
Anaerobic
Glycolysis breaks sound glucose into what
To pyruvic acid
Where does the citric acid cycle occur
The mitochondria
Up to how many molecules of ATP can be generated in the mitochondrion for every original glucose molecule that enters the metabolic pathway
36
The metabolic pathway in the mitochondrion is referred to as wife since it uses oxygen
Aerobic
Chemical makeup of ATP
An adenosine group and three phosphate groups
What is glucose anabolism called
Glycogenesis
Glucose is stored as
Glycogen
What is the normal amount of glucose in the blood
80 to 110 mg in 100 mL
Most important hormone to regulate carbohydrate metabolism
Insulin
As insulin secretion increases
More glucose leaves the blood and enters the cells
Increases blood glucose levels
Growth hormone, hydrocortisone, epinephrine, and glucagon
Term that refers to the food that we eat in the nutrients they contain
Nutrition
