nutrition Flashcards
nutritional requirements must be met for
- essential nutrients must be replaced for loss and to allow the growth of new tissues
- energy to permit metabolic functions
- maintenance, growth and development
- development of immunity
Phases of child growth
- infancy= nutrition led
- childhood= growth hormone led
- pubertal= sex steroid led
EAR stands for
estimated average requirement which means 50% of the population will need more than this value and 50% of the population will need less than this value
RNI stands for
recommended nutritional intake and it is 2 standard deviations above the estimated average requirements and is sufficient for 97% of the population
LRNI stands for
lower reference nutritional intake and it is 2 standard deviations below the estimated average requirement and it is only sufficient for 3% of the population who have the lowest needs
protein
reference nutrient intake is 12.7 to 14.5g per day for infants aged 4-18 months)
energy reference values between 0-12 months
takes into account the energy deposited in new tissue plus the total energy expenditure
energy reference values between 1-18 years
takes into account
- total energy expenditure and deposited energy costs: basal metabolic rate x physical activity level
- estimated average requirement calculated at median physical activity level values for best estimated of healthy body weight
majority of children
exceed their estimated average requirement for energy
Vitamins
Vitamin A, C and D
vitamin A
RNI is 350-400 micrograms/day
dietary sources of vitamin A
cheese, egg and yoghurts
dietary intake of vitamin A
is greater than the RNI for all age groups
vitamin C
RNI is 25-30 miligrams per day
dietary sources of vitamin C
oranges, blackcurrant and potatoes
dietary intake of vitamin C
is greater than the RNI for all age groups