Nutrition Flashcards
Catabolism
The breaking down in the body of complex molecules into more simple molecules.
Anabolism
The building of complex molecules in the body from more simple, smaller molecules.
Amino acids
Simple organic compounds known as the building blocks of proteins.
Glycogen
The stored form of glucose found in the liver and muscles.
Glucose
A simple sugar the body uses for energy production on the cellular level
Monosaccharides
Any of the class of sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simple sugar.
Disaccharide
Any of a class of sugars with molecules that contain two monosaccharide residues.
Glycemic index
A system that ranks foods on a scale from 1 to 100 based on their effect on blood sugar levels.
Insulin
A hormone produced in the pancreas to regulate blood sugar.
Hypoglycemia
The condition of lower-than-normal blood glucose
Hydrocarbons
A compound of hydrogen, and carbon, such as any of those that are the chief components of petroleum and natural gas.
Fatty acids
The smaller, absorbable building blocks of the fat that is found in the body.
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (EPA):
A fatty acid found in fish and fish oils, which is believed to lower cholesterol, especially cholesterol bound to low-density lipoproteins.
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID (DHA):
An omega-3 fatty acid that is a primary structural component of the human brain, cerebral cortex, skin, sperm, testicles, and retina.
Metabolic syndrome
A cluster of at least three biochemical and physiological abnormalities associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
