nutrition Flashcards
GLUCOSE
most efficient energy source
all sugars are converted to glucose
fructose
sweetest of all sugars
disaccharides
sucrose : glucose + fructose
maltose : glucose + glucose
lactose: glucose + galatose
satuarated fat acid
no double bonds, satuarated with hydrogen
unsaturated fat acid
one or more double bonds
LDL bad guys
carries the cholesterol from the liver
HDL good guys
picks up cholesterol to the liver
fat soluble vitamin
A D E K
essential amino acids
acids that CANNOT synthesized by body
there are 9
non essential amino acids
synthesized by body
there are 11
vitamin A
essential for night vision
contribute to the formation of ameloblast
vitamin D
helps absorbtion of calcium and phosphorus
deficiency cause rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults
vitamin E
acts as antioxidant
vitamin K
important in blood clotting
B1
cause beri beri
most cause deficiency of B1 is alcoholism
B2 riboflavin
angular chelitis
B3 niacin
pellagra
B12 colabamin
assist in folate metabolism
deficiency cause pernicious amenia, memory problem
vitamin C
deficiency cause scurvy
helps wound healing
calcium
most abundant MINERAL in the body
microminerals
iron
fluoride
iondine: deficiency cause goiter
zinc
carbohydrate + digest by mutans = lactic acid
normal pH of the mouth
6.7 - 7
pH of enamel
5.5
pH of cementum
6.2 - 6.7
xylitol helps raise pH
PROMOTE remineralization
most of nutrients are absored in
small intestine
pH is 8
kwashiokor
protein deficiency,
phù nề ở bụng (edema in abdoment and legs)
marasmus
protein deficiency
ốm
pica
consumption of non nutritive food (soil,etc)
bulimia
tự ói
anoxeria
ăn nhưng móc họng ói ra , obsessed with diet
A1C level
ideal is 7% or less
normal is 4.5-6
crohn’s disease
inflammation of digestive tract
