Nutrition Flashcards
Covers - Maternal Nutrition
What is the target BCS of a bitch/queen prior to breeding?
(5/6 out of 9)
How many times more than the typical maintenance water intake (60ml/kg BW) should a queen/bitch be intaking during lactation?
(2-3x higher; at least 2x during the entire pregnancy)
When should a bred bitch be put on a gestation/lactation diet?
(At about 4 weeks into gestation (which is also about when you can ultrasound to confirm pregnancy so yay something lines up))
To get kcal/day for a bitch in early gestation, what do you multiply the RER by?
(1.8 to 2)
To get kcal/day for a bitch in late gestation, what do you multiply the RER by?
(2.2 to 3.5)
What is the equation for kcal/day for a lactating bitch?
(kcal/day = RER x 1.9 + 25% per puppy)
When should a bred queen be put on a gestation/lactation diet?
(At the time of breeding)
Which of the essentially fatty acids is pertinent to the cat only? Dog only?
(Cat - arachidonic acid; dog - alpha linolenic acid)
Where is DHA sourced from (which makes this source important in a bitch/queens diet)?
(Marine (fish) source; DHA is important for retinal and neurologic development in the feti)
A non-fiber carbohydrate deficiency is associated with hypoglycemia in the mother of which small animal species?
(Dogs, they have a reduced ability to respond to hypoglycemia when compared to cats)
What is a bitch at risk for if their diet does not have enough calcium?
(Tetany and possible eclampsia; particularly in small breeds, bitches with large litters, post whelping/during lactation)
(T/F) Dry food is more energy dense than canned food on an as fed basis.
(T)
Under or over conditioned cows are associated with a higher risk for ketosis after gestation.
(Over conditioned cows)
What nutrient has reduced bioavailability if the dam is intaking excess phosphorus, zinc, and/or molybdenum?
(Copper)
Why is adequate gestational copper intake particularly important in cattle?
(Increased incident of physitis in calves with low copper; copper is important for endochondral ossification and milk is a poor source so if gestational intake is adequate the fetus can store enough copper in its liver until it is weaned)
Which of the VFAs is an important precursor for lactose?
(Propionate)
Does a higher or lower NDF indicate a better quality forage?
(Lower NDF is higher quality)
Should the NDF of the forage consumed during early or late gestation be lower?
(Late gestation i.e. NDF should be lower in late gestation)
When should concentrates be discontinued in terms of weaning?
(1-2 weeks prior to weaning)
