NUTRITION

Question 1

Basal energy needs are Most Accurately calculated by

Answer 1

body surface area

Question 2

Breast Milk is rich in

Answer 2

whey protein

Question 3

premature infants need formula with _______ due to decreased intraluminal bile acids

Answer 3

medium chain triglycerides

Question 4

breast fed infants of vegan mothers

Answer 4

vitamin b12

Question 5

Goats milk is deficient in

Answer 5

folate

Question 6

widening of epiphysis,
thickening of wrists and ankles,
chostochondral beading, bowing, craniotabes

Answer 6

Vitamin d deficiency

Question 7

defect in zinc absorbtion

Answer 7

acrodermatitis enteropathica ,

autosomal recessive

Question 8

abnormal, lightly pigmented, kinky hair, eyebrows & eyelashes

Answer 8

Copper deficiency,

Menkes

Question 9

Headaches, anorexia, Nausea/vomiting, Increased ICP, +HSM, bone pain

Answer 9

Vitamin A toxicity

Question 10

deficiency of protein and calories

Answer 10

Kwashiorker

Question 11

inadequate calories

Answer 11

Marasmus

Question 12

estimated daily maintenance fluid / calorie for

<10kg

Answer 12

100ml/kg

100 kcal/kg

Question 13

estimated daily maintenance fluid / calorie for

11-20kg

Answer 13

1000ml + 50 ml/kg for extra kg

1000kcal + 50 kcal/kg for extra kg

Question 14

estimated daily maintenance fluid / calorie for

>20kg

Answer 14

1500ml + 20 ml/kg for extra kg

1500kcal + 20 kcal/kg for extra kg

Question 15

energy need hypermetabolic state due to recent surgery

Answer 15

20% additional calories required

Question 16

energy need - multiple trauma

Answer 16

25% additional calories required

Question 17

energy need - severe infection

Answer 17

50% additional calories required

Question 18

energy need - uncomplicated starvation

Answer 18

50% additional calories required

Question 19

energy need - third degree burns (<20% bsa)

Answer 19

100% additional calories required

Question 20

RDA for infants based on human milk

Answer 20

2 to 2.4 g/kg/day during first month,

falling to to 1.5 g/kg/day by 6 months

Question 21

RDA for premature infants

Answer 21

3.5 g/kg/day

Question 22

Scaly dermatitis, hair loss, diarrhea, poor wound healing, growth failure

Answer 22

essential fatty acid deficiency

Question 23

essential fatty acids

Answer 23

linoleic

linolenic

Question 24

Patients have high risk for EFAD

Answer 24

premature infants,
hepatobilliary or pancreatic disease
long term TPN without intravenous lipid

Question 25

Whey 90 Casein 10

Answer 25

early breast milk

Question 26

Whey 60 Casein 40

Answer 26

mature breast milk

Question 27

Whey 40 Casein 60

Answer 27

Cow’s milk formula

Question 28

Whey 20 Casein 80

Answer 28

Cow’s milk

Question 29

Congestive heart failure
Tachycardia
Peripheral edema

Answer 29

Wet beri beri

Thiamin (B1) deficiency

Question 30

neuritis
paresthesia
Irritability
anorexia

Answer 30

Dry Beriberi

Thiamin (B1) deficiency

Question 31

confusion, ataxia, opthalmoplegia

Answer 31

Wernicke-karsakoff syndrome

Thiamin (B1) deficiency

Question 32

seborrheic dermatitis, angular stomatitis, photophobia, loss of visual acquity, burning and itching eyes, corneal vascularization, glossitis, poor growth

Answer 32

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency

infants on prolonged phototherapy

Question 33

NB/infants convulsions

Answer 33

Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency

Question 34

older children 
peripheral neuritis, 
seb. derm., 
cheliosis, 
anemia

Answer 34

Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency

INH administration

sideroblastic anemia due failure of iron utilization

Question 35

bleeding,
poor wound healing,
easy fractures of bone,
friable gums, loose teeth

Answer 35

ascorbic acid
Vitamin C deficiency
scurvy