NUTRITION Flashcards
Basal energy needs are Most Accurately calculated by
body surface area
Breast Milk is rich in
whey protein
premature infants need formula with _______ due to decreased intraluminal bile acids
medium chain triglycerides
breast fed infants of vegan mothers
vitamin b12
Goats milk is deficient in
folate
widening of epiphysis,
thickening of wrists and ankles,
chostochondral beading, bowing, craniotabes
Vitamin d deficiency
defect in zinc absorbtion
acrodermatitis enteropathica ,
autosomal recessive
abnormal, lightly pigmented, kinky hair, eyebrows & eyelashes
Copper deficiency,
Menkes
Headaches, anorexia, Nausea/vomiting, Increased ICP, +HSM, bone pain
Vitamin A toxicity
deficiency of protein and calories
Kwashiorker
inadequate calories
Marasmus
estimated daily maintenance fluid / calorie for
<10kg
100ml/kg
100 kcal/kg
estimated daily maintenance fluid / calorie for
11-20kg
1000ml + 50 ml/kg for extra kg
1000kcal + 50 kcal/kg for extra kg
estimated daily maintenance fluid / calorie for
>20kg
1500ml + 20 ml/kg for extra kg
1500kcal + 20 kcal/kg for extra kg
energy need hypermetabolic state due to recent surgery
20% additional calories required
energy need - multiple trauma
25% additional calories required
energy need - severe infection
50% additional calories required
energy need - uncomplicated starvation
50% additional calories required
energy need - third degree burns (<20% bsa)
100% additional calories required
RDA for infants based on human milk
2 to 2.4 g/kg/day during first month,
falling to to 1.5 g/kg/day by 6 months
RDA for premature infants
3.5 g/kg/day
Scaly dermatitis, hair loss, diarrhea, poor wound healing, growth failure
essential fatty acid deficiency
essential fatty acids
linoleic
linolenic
Patients have high risk for EFAD
premature infants,
hepatobilliary or pancreatic disease
long term TPN without intravenous lipid
