Nutrition

Question 1

How does your body use carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates are an important source of energy. They fuel the processes in your body.

Question 2

What are carbohydrates made from

Answer 2

Carbohydrate molecules are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

Question 3

Are bananas simple or complex carbohydrates?

Answer 3

Simple

Question 4

How much carbohydrates does the world health organisation recommend that you have per day

Answer 4

The World Health Organisation recommends 260 g.

Question 5

How are glucose molecules transported around the body?

Answer 5

Through the bloodstream

Question 6

Carbohydrates provide minerals - true or false?

Answer 6

False. They provide energy

Question 7

What do proteins provide?

Answer 7

Proteins provide materials to make new cells and to repair damaged tissues, such as muscles

Question 8

What do minerals provide?

Answer 8

Vitamins are vital in many processes. For example, vitamin K helps blood to clot and vitamin C prevents illness. Fruit and vegetables are vitamin-rich.

Question 9

Rice and pasta are high in…

Answer 9

Carbohydrates

Question 10

Proteins provide materials to…

Answer 10

Repair muscle tissue

Question 11

The mineral iron does what?

Answer 11

Helps transport oxygen around the blood

Question 12

Vitamin A is vital for?

Answer 12

is vital for good eyesight. It is present in oranges, green vegetables, carrots and milk.

Question 13

Vitamin B1 helps how?

Answer 13

helps to release energy from carbohydrates. It is in meat, eggs and brown rice.

Question 14

Vitamin C helps to?

Answer 14

helps to prevent illness and make bones. It is present in citrus fruit, green vegetables and potatoes.

Question 15

Vitamin K helps do what?

Answer 15

helps the blood to clot after an injury or operation. Green vegetables, tea and liver provide this nutrient.

Question 16

Calcium is good for?

Answer 16

for bones and teeth.

Question 17

Zinc helps…

Answer 17

to help heal wounds.

Question 18

What does the mouth do?

Answer 18

Digestion starts in the mouth where the food is broken down mechanically by the teeth and chemically by the enzyme amylase (contained in saliva). Amylase breaks down carbohydrates into sugars. An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions.

Question 19

What does the stomach do?

Answer 19

The food then passes down the oesophagus and into the stomach. When it reaches the stomach, the food mixes with the stomach acid and enzymes. The stomach is a muscular bag which churns the food, breaking it down into small pieces.

Question 20

What do the intestines do?

Answer 20

The food passes through into the small intestine. Here more enzymes are released, breaking down carbohydrates, proteins and fats into smaller molecules.

The smaller molecules are then absorbed in the small intestine by the finger-like structures called villi.

Villi are very good at absorption because they have very thin walls, a large surface area and a strong network of capillaries surrounding them.

Question 21

What does the rectum do?

Answer 21

The remaining nutrients move through into the large intestine, where the water is absorbed back into the body.

The undigested food molecules that remain form our faeces.

The faeces is passed into the rectum and is excreted from the body through the anus.

Question 22

Which nutrients do not need to be digested?

Answer 22

Minerals, vitamins and water

Question 23

What organ follows the stomach in the digestive system?

Answer 23

Small intestine

Question 24

What is mainly absorbed in the large intestine?

Answer 24

Water

Question 25

Where is most digested food absorbed?

Answer 25

Most digested food is absorbed in the small intestine.

Question 26

What is produced when proteins are digested?

Answer 26

Amino acids

Question 27

What does lipase digest?

Answer 27

Fats

Question 28

Where does digestion start?

Answer 28

In the mouth

Question 29

Where is bile produced?

Answer 29

The liver

Question 30

What gives the small intestine a large surface area?

Answer 30

The villi