Earth Flashcards
What percent of our air is carbon dioxide?
1 percent
CO₂ is the formula for…
carbon dioxide
CO₂ is made up of…
1 carbon and 2 oxygen atoms
At room temperature, carbon dioxide is a…
Gas
Formula for methane
CH4
What are some uses of methane
Cooking and heating
Define Weathering
Weathering is the breaking down or wearing away of rocks where they are
What is biological weathering?
is caused by animals and plants. For example, rabbits and other burrowing animals can burrow into a crack in a rock, making it bigger and splitting the rock.
Define chemical weathering.
The weathering of rocks by chemicals is called chemical weathering.
Define Physical weathering
Physical weathering is caused by physical processes such as changes in temperature, freezing and thawing, and the effects of wind, rain and waves.
What make rocks Porous?
If they have rounded grains, it becomes easier for the water to sink in between the grains
What are igneous rocks?
Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock that has cooled and solidified.
What is magma?
Liquid rock
magma that cools slowly will form an igneous rock with crystals of ____ size
large
magma that cools quickly will form an igneous rock with ____ crystals
small
What are Extrusive rocks
Extrusive igneous rocks form from magma that erupted onto the surface as lava
What are intrusive rocks
intrusive igneous rocks form from magma that cooled slowly, deep underground.
Why do igneous rocks not contain any fossils?
This is because any fossils in the original rock will have melted when the rock melted to form magma.
What are sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks are formed from the broken remains of other rocks that become joined together.
What makes sedimentary rock form in layers?
When the river reaches a lake or the sea, its load of transported rocks settles to the bottom. We say that the rocks are deposited. The deposited rocks build up in layers, called sediments
Examples of sedimentary rock are…
chalk
limestone
shale
sandstone
What are metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks are formed from other rocks that are changed because of heat or pressure
What does the presence of tiny crystals in a piece of igneous rock tell you about it?
The molten rock cooled very quickly
What is magma?
Molten rock
yeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeye
yeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeyeye
Where are the oldest layers of rock usually found in a cliff made from sedimentary rock?
At the bottom
Which type of rock never contains fossils?
Igneous
How are sedimentary rocks arranged
In layers
Which metamorphic rock is formed from limestone?
Marble is the metamorphic rock formed from limestone
What rock is slate formed from?
Mudstone
