nursing Management Of The Newborn At Risk Acquired And Congenital Newborn Conditions Ch 24 Nursing management of the newborn at risk acquired and congenital newborn conditions

Question 1

Alcohol related birth defects

Answer 1

Newborns with some but not all of the symptoms of FAS

Question 2

Anencephaly 

Answer 2

The most severe neural tube defect, results from failure of the neural tube to fuse in the cranial area, with the cerebral hemispheres completely missing our reduced to small masses.

Question 3

Asphyxia 

Answer 3

Characterized by profound acidemia. One of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality and neonate.

Question 4

Bilirubin encephalopathy 

Answer 4

Red blood cells break down, and thus higher bilirubin levels include polycythemia, blood, incompatibilities, and systematic acidosis. These alter conditions can lead to high levels of unconjugated bilirubin, possibly reaching toxic levels.

Question 5

Birth injury

Answer 5

Injuries to the newborn from the forces of labor and birth

Question 6

Caput succedaneum

Answer 6

Soft tissue Swelling is caused by edema of the head against the dilating cervix during the birth process 

Question 7

Cephalohematoma

Answer 7

Subperiosteal collection of blood secondary to the rupture of blood vessels between the skull, and the periosteum, typically appears within hours after birth

Question 8

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 8

A severe anomaly of failure in a development of the diaphragm, that results in an abnormal insertion into the inner chest wall, allowing some or all of the abdominal organs in contents to protrude into the thoracic cavity, impeding fetal lung development

Question 9

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Answer 9

Involves abnormal growth or development of the hip that results in instability

Question 10

Epispadias

Answer 10

The urethra generally opens on the top or side, rather than the tip of the penis

Question 11

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders FASD

Answer 11

A distinct pattern of facial dysmorphology, prenatal and postnatal growth, deficiencies and central nervous system dysfunction. Characterized by physical and mental disorders that appear at birth and remain problematic throughout the child’s life.

Question 12

Gastroschisis

Answer 12

A full thickness defect of the abdominal wall that occurs most commonly to the left or right of the umbilicus that exposes the extruded bowel to the amniotic fluid 

Question 13

Omphalocele

Answer 13

A defect of the umbilical ring that allows evisceration of the abdominal contents into an external perinatal sac

Question 14

Hydrocephalus

Answer 14

Abnormal accumulation of CSF within the ventricles and subarachnoid spaces

Question 15

Hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 15

A total serum bilirubin level above 5 mg/dL resulting from unconjugated bilirubin being deposited in the skin and mucous membranes

Question 16

Hypospadias 

Answer 16

A relatively common malformation of the penis. It is an abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus on the underside of the penis.

Question 17

Infant of a diabetic mother, IDM

Answer 17

Born to a woman with pre-gestational ir gestational diabetes the newborn of a woman who has diabetes is at high risk for numerous health related complications, especially hypoglycemia

Question 18

Meconium aspiration syndrome MAS

Answer 18

Occurs when the newborn inhales particulate meconium mixed with amniotic fluid into the lungs, while still in utero, or when, taking the first breath after birth

Question 19

Meningocele

Answer 19

A less severe form of spina bifida cystica, is an opening in the spine through a bony deficit, where a herniation of the meninges and spinal fluid has protruded

Question 20

Microcephaly

Answer 20

A condition in which a small brain is located within a normal sized cranium

Question 21

Myelomeningocele

Answer 21

The most severe form of spina bifida, in which the spinal cord and nerves roots herniate into the sac through an opening in the spine, compromising the meninges

Question 22

Neonatal, abstinence syndrome, Nas

Answer 22

Comprises a constellation of drug withdrawal signs and symptoms that result from chronic interuterine exposure to a variety of substances, including opiate, barbiturates, SSRI, alcohol, benzodiazepines, caffeine and nicotine

Question 23

Neonatal sepsis

Answer 23

A clinical syndrome of bacteremia with systematic signs and symptoms of infection in the first month of life

Question 24

Neural tube defect NTD

Answer 24

Common name used to describe congenital central nervous system structural defects

Question 25

Respiratory distress syndrome RDS

Answer 25

Developmental deficiency and surfactant synthesis, accompanied by lung immaturity and hypo perfusion

Question 26

Spina bifida

Answer 26

General term used to refer to caudal defects below the level of T12 involving spinal cord tissue. It is a disorder involving incomplete development of the brain, spinal cord, and/or their protective coverings caused by the failure of the fetus’s spine to close properly during the first month of pregnancy.