nursing Management Of The Newborn At Risk Acquired And Congenital Newborn Conditions Ch 24 Nursing management of the newborn at risk acquired and congenital newborn conditions Flashcards
Alcohol related birth defects
Newborns with some but not all of the symptoms of FAS
Anencephaly 
The most severe neural tube defect, results from failure of the neural tube to fuse in the cranial area, with the cerebral hemispheres completely missing our reduced to small masses.
Asphyxia 
Characterized by profound acidemia. One of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality and neonate.
Bilirubin encephalopathy 
Red blood cells break down, and thus higher bilirubin levels include polycythemia, blood, incompatibilities, and systematic acidosis. These alter conditions can lead to high levels of unconjugated bilirubin, possibly reaching toxic levels.
Birth injury
Injuries to the newborn from the forces of labor and birth
Caput succedaneum
Soft tissue Swelling is caused by edema of the head against the dilating cervix during the birth process 
Cephalohematoma
Subperiosteal collection of blood secondary to the rupture of blood vessels between the skull, and the periosteum, typically appears within hours after birth
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
A severe anomaly of failure in a development of the diaphragm, that results in an abnormal insertion into the inner chest wall, allowing some or all of the abdominal organs in contents to protrude into the thoracic cavity, impeding fetal lung development
Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Involves abnormal growth or development of the hip that results in instability
Epispadias
The urethra generally opens on the top or side, rather than the tip of the penis
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders FASD
A distinct pattern of facial dysmorphology, prenatal and postnatal growth, deficiencies and central nervous system dysfunction. Characterized by physical and mental disorders that appear at birth and remain problematic throughout the child’s life.
Gastroschisis
A full thickness defect of the abdominal wall that occurs most commonly to the left or right of the umbilicus that exposes the extruded bowel to the amniotic fluid 
Omphalocele
A defect of the umbilical ring that allows evisceration of the abdominal contents into an external perinatal sac
Hydrocephalus
Abnormal accumulation of CSF within the ventricles and subarachnoid spaces
Hyperbilirubinemia
A total serum bilirubin level above 5 mg/dL resulting from unconjugated bilirubin being deposited in the skin and mucous membranes
Hypospadias 
A relatively common malformation of the penis. It is an abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus on the underside of the penis.
Infant of a diabetic mother, IDM
Born to a woman with pre-gestational ir gestational diabetes the newborn of a woman who has diabetes is at high risk for numerous health related complications, especially hypoglycemia
Meconium aspiration syndrome MAS
Occurs when the newborn inhales particulate meconium mixed with amniotic fluid into the lungs, while still in utero, or when, taking the first breath after birth
Meningocele
A less severe form of spina bifida cystica, is an opening in the spine through a bony deficit, where a herniation of the meninges and spinal fluid has protruded
Microcephaly
A condition in which a small brain is located within a normal sized cranium
Myelomeningocele
The most severe form of spina bifida, in which the spinal cord and nerves roots herniate into the sac through an opening in the spine, compromising the meninges
Neonatal, abstinence syndrome, Nas
Comprises a constellation of drug withdrawal signs and symptoms that result from chronic interuterine exposure to a variety of substances, including opiate, barbiturates, SSRI, alcohol, benzodiazepines, caffeine and nicotine
Neonatal sepsis
A clinical syndrome of bacteremia with systematic signs and symptoms of infection in the first month of life
Neural tube defect NTD
Common name used to describe congenital central nervous system structural defects
Respiratory distress syndrome RDS
Developmental deficiency and surfactant synthesis, accompanied by lung immaturity and hypo perfusion
Spina bifida
General term used to refer to caudal defects below the level of T12 involving spinal cord tissue. It is a disorder involving incomplete development of the brain, spinal cord, and/or their protective coverings caused by the failure of the fetus’s spine to close properly during the first month of pregnancy.
