management Of Patients With Oncologic Disorders Ch 12 Management of patients with oncologic disorders

Question 1

Alopecia 

Answer 1

Hair loss

Question 2

Anaplasia

Answer 2

Pattern of growth in which cells lack normal characteristics and differ in shape and organization, with respect to their cells of origin; usually, anaplastic cells are malignant

Question 3

Angiogenesis

Answer 3

Growth of new blood vessels that allow cancer cells to grow

Question 4

Apoptosis

Answer 4

A normal cell mechanism of programmed cell death

Question 5

Benign

Answer 5

Not cancerous; benign tumors may grow, but are unable to spread to other organs or body body

Question 6

Brachytherapy

Answer 6

Delivery of radiation therapy through internal implants, placed inside or adjacent to the tumor

Question 7

Cancer

Answer 7

A group of disorders, characterized by abnormal cell, perforation, in which cells ignore growth-regulating signals in the surrounding environment

Question 8

Carcinogenesis

Answer 8

Process of transforming normal cells into malignant cells

Question 9

Chemotherapy

Answer 9

The use of medication’s to kill tumor cells by interfering with cellular functions and reproduction

Question 10

Cytokines

Answer 10

Messenger substances that may be released by a cell to create an action at that site or may be carried by the bloodstream to a distant site before being activated (Synonyms, bio, chemical, mediators, inflammatory mediations )

Question 11

Extravasaton

Answer 11

A leakage of intravenous medication from the veins into the subcutaneous tissue

Question 12

Grading

Answer 12

Identification of the type of tissue from which the tumor originated and the degree to which the tumor cells retain the functional and structural characteristics of the tissue of origin

Question 13

Graft versus host disease, GVHD

Answer 13

An immune response initiated by T lymphocytes of donor tissue against the recipients tissues (Skin, gastrointestinal, tract, liver ) An undesirable response 

Question 14

Graft versus tumor effect 

Answer 14

The donor immune cell response against the malignancy; a desirable response

Question 15

Immunotherapy

Answer 15

Do use of medication or other agents to stimulate or suppress components of the immune system to kill cancer cells

Question 16

Malignant

Answer 16

Having cells are processes that are characteristic of cancer

Question 17

Metastasis 

Answer 17

Spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites

Question 18

Mucositis

Answer 18

Inflammation of the lining of the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract often associated with cancer therapies

Question 19

Myelosuppression

Answer 19

Suppression of the blood cell producing function of the bone marrow

Question 20

Nadir

Answer 20

The lowest serum level of blood cells (White blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets ) After therapy that has toxic effects on the bone marrow. Clinically, the Nadir is most often used to describe the lowest absolute neutrophil count following chemotherapy. 

Question 21

Neoplasia

Answer 21

Uncontrolled cell growth and follows no physiologic demand; cancer

Question 22

Neutropenia

Answer 22

Abnormally, low, absolute neutrophil count

Question 23

Oncology

Answer 23

Field or study of cancer

Question 24

Palliation

Answer 24

Relief of symptoms and promotion of comfort and quality of life, regardless of the disease stage

Question 25

Precision medicine

Answer 25

Using advances in research, technology and policies to develop individualized plans of care to prevent and treat disease

Question 26

Radiation therapy

Answer 26

The use of ionizing radiation to kill malignant cells

Question 27

Staging

Answer 27

Process of determining the extent of disease, including tumor, size, and spread, or metastasis to distant sites

Question 28

Stomatitis 

Answer 28

Inflammation of the oral tissues, often associated with some chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy to the head and neck region

Question 29

Targeted Therapies

Answer 29

The use of medication or other agents to kill or prevent the spread of cancer cells by targeting specific part of the cell, with less negative effects on healthy cells

Question 30

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 30

Decrease in the number of circulating platelets; associated with the potential for bleeding

Question 31

Toxicity

Answer 31

An unfavorable and unintended sign, symptoms, or condition associated with cancer treatment

Question 32

Neoplasia

Answer 32

Uncontrolled growth that follows no physiologic demand

Question 33

Carcinoma

Answer 33

Epithelial squamous cell

Question 34

Sarcoma

Answer 34

Connective tissue bone bone

Question 35

Myeloma

Answer 35

Plasma cells

Question 36

Lymphoma

Answer 36

Lymphocytes

Question 37

Leukemia

Answer 37

Cells in the bone marrow

Question 38

Anti tumor antibiotics

Answer 38

Adriamycin: cardiotoxic

Question 39

Alkylating agents

Answer 39

Cisplatin leda to renal failure; causes red/orange pee

Question 40

Anti metabolite

Answer 40

Methotrexate

Question 41

Nonspecific immuno therapy

Answer 41

Boost immune system Cytokines help with destruction of tumor , Inhibiting growth factors

Question 42

Mono colonial antibodies MoABs

Answer 42

Destroys cancer cell and spares, healthy cells Antibodies are created and therapeutically used 

Question 43

Cachexia

Answer 43

Increased, metabolic demand, impaired metabolism or glucose and lipids continued, weight loss

Question 44

Superior vena cava syndrome, SVC

Answer 44

Sudden, impaired venous drainage

Question 45

Spinal cord compression

Answer 45

Motor and sensory changes

Question 46

Hypercalcemia

Answer 46

Fatigue, weakness, confusion, arrhythmias, decreased, LOC

Question 47

Tumor lysis syndrome

Answer 47

Cramps, paresthesia, increased blood pressure, flank pain Life-threatening Large, bulky tumor is being destroyed, intracellular contents are spelled. Uric acid, potassium phosphorus can lead to ARF acute renal failure