management Of Patients With Oncologic Disorders Ch 12 Management of patients with oncologic disorders Flashcards
Alopecia 
Hair loss
Anaplasia
Pattern of growth in which cells lack normal characteristics and differ in shape and organization, with respect to their cells of origin; usually, anaplastic cells are malignant
Angiogenesis
Growth of new blood vessels that allow cancer cells to grow
Apoptosis
A normal cell mechanism of programmed cell death
Benign
Not cancerous; benign tumors may grow, but are unable to spread to other organs or body body
Brachytherapy
Delivery of radiation therapy through internal implants, placed inside or adjacent to the tumor
Cancer
A group of disorders, characterized by abnormal cell, perforation, in which cells ignore growth-regulating signals in the surrounding environment
Carcinogenesis
Process of transforming normal cells into malignant cells
Chemotherapy
The use of medication’s to kill tumor cells by interfering with cellular functions and reproduction
Cytokines
Messenger substances that may be released by a cell to create an action at that site or may be carried by the bloodstream to a distant site before being activated (Synonyms, bio, chemical, mediators, inflammatory mediations )
Extravasaton
A leakage of intravenous medication from the veins into the subcutaneous tissue
Grading
Identification of the type of tissue from which the tumor originated and the degree to which the tumor cells retain the functional and structural characteristics of the tissue of origin
Graft versus host disease, GVHD
An immune response initiated by T lymphocytes of donor tissue against the recipients tissues (Skin, gastrointestinal, tract, liver ) An undesirable response 
Graft versus tumor effect 
The donor immune cell response against the malignancy; a desirable response
Immunotherapy
Do use of medication or other agents to stimulate or suppress components of the immune system to kill cancer cells
Malignant
Having cells are processes that are characteristic of cancer
Metastasis 
Spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites
Mucositis
Inflammation of the lining of the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract often associated with cancer therapies
Myelosuppression
Suppression of the blood cell producing function of the bone marrow
Nadir
The lowest serum level of blood cells (White blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets ) After therapy that has toxic effects on the bone marrow. Clinically, the Nadir is most often used to describe the lowest absolute neutrophil count following chemotherapy. 
Neoplasia
Uncontrolled cell growth and follows no physiologic demand; cancer
Neutropenia
Abnormally, low, absolute neutrophil count
Oncology
Field or study of cancer
Palliation
Relief of symptoms and promotion of comfort and quality of life, regardless of the disease stage
Precision medicine
Using advances in research, technology and policies to develop individualized plans of care to prevent and treat disease
Radiation therapy
The use of ionizing radiation to kill malignant cells
Staging
Process of determining the extent of disease, including tumor, size, and spread, or metastasis to distant sites
Stomatitis 
Inflammation of the oral tissues, often associated with some chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy to the head and neck region
Targeted Therapies
The use of medication or other agents to kill or prevent the spread of cancer cells by targeting specific part of the cell, with less negative effects on healthy cells
Thrombocytopenia
Decrease in the number of circulating platelets; associated with the potential for bleeding
Toxicity
An unfavorable and unintended sign, symptoms, or condition associated with cancer treatment
Neoplasia
Uncontrolled growth that follows no physiologic demand
Carcinoma
Epithelial squamous cell
Sarcoma
Connective tissue bone bone
Myeloma
Plasma cells
Lymphoma
Lymphocytes
Leukemia
Cells in the bone marrow
Anti tumor antibiotics
Adriamycin: cardiotoxic
Alkylating agents
Cisplatin leda to renal failure; causes red/orange pee
Anti metabolite
Methotrexate
Nonspecific immuno therapy
Boost immune system
Cytokines help with destruction of tumor , Inhibiting growth factors
Mono colonial antibodies MoABs
Destroys cancer cell and spares, healthy cells
Antibodies are created and therapeutically used 
Cachexia
Increased, metabolic demand, impaired metabolism or glucose and lipids continued, weight loss
Superior vena cava syndrome, SVC
Sudden, impaired venous drainage
Spinal cord compression
Motor and sensory changes
Hypercalcemia
Fatigue, weakness, confusion, arrhythmias, decreased, LOC
Tumor lysis syndrome
Cramps, paresthesia, increased blood pressure, flank pain
Life-threatening
Large, bulky tumor is being destroyed, intracellular contents are spelled. Uric acid, potassium phosphorus can lead to ARF acute renal failure
