Ch 52 Assessment and management of patients with breast disorders

Question 1

Adjuvant chemotherapy?

Answer 1

The use of anti-cancer medication’s, in addition to other treatments to delay, or prevent a reoccurrence of the disease

Question 2

Adjuvant hormonal therapy?

Answer 2

The use of synthetic hormones or other medications given after primary treatment to increase the chances of a cure by stopping or slowing the growth of certain cancers that are affected by hormones stimulation Also called endocrine or anti-estrogen therapy

Question 3

Aromatase inhibitors

Answer 3

Medication’s that block, the production of estrogens by the adrenal glands

Question 4

Atypical hyperplasia

Answer 4

Abnormal increase in the number of cells in a specific area within the ductile or lobular areas of the breast; this abnormal proliferation increases the risk for cancer

Question 5

Benign proliferative breast disease

Answer 5

Various types of a typical, yet non-cancerous, breast tissue that increase the risk of breast cancer

Question 6

Brachytherapy

Answer 6

Delivery of radiation therapy through internal implants, placed inside or adjacent to a tumor

Question 7

BRCA one and BRCA2

Answer 7

Genes on chromazone 17 that, when damaged or mutated, increase a persons risk for breast, or ovarian cancer, compared with people without the mutation

Question 8

Breast conservation treatment

Answer 8

Surgery to remove a breast, tumor, and a margin of tissue around the tumor without removing any other part of the breast; may or may not include lymph node removal and radiation therapy

Question 9

Dose dense chemotherapy?

Answer 9

Administration of chemotherapeutic agents at standard doses with shorter time intervals between each cycle of treatment

Question 10

Ductal carcinoma, in situ, DCIS

Answer 10

Cancer cells starting in the duct Al system of the breast, but not penetrating surrounding surrounding Tissue 

Question 11

Fibrocystic breast changes

Answer 11

Term used to describe certain benign changes in the breast, typically palpable nodularity, lumpiness, swelling, or pain

Question 12

Fine needle aspiration, FNA

Answer 12

Removal of fluid for diagnostic analysis, from a cyst or cells from a mass using a needle and syringe

Question 13

Gynecomastia

Answer 13

Firm, over developed breast tissue typically seen in adolescent boys

Question 14

HER2/NEU

Answer 14

A protein that,when found in larger amount, indicates an aggressive tumor

Question 15

Lobular carcinoma, in situ LCIS

Answer 15

Atypical change and proliferation of the lobular cells of the pressed

Question 16

Lymphedema

Answer 16

Chronic swelling of an extremity due to interrupted lymphatic circulation, typically from an auxiliary lymph node dissection

Question 17

Mammo plasty

Answer 17

Surgery to reconstruct or change the size or shape of the breast; can’t be performed for reduction are augmentation 

Question 18

Mastalgia

Answer 18

Breast pain, usually related to hormonal fluctuations, or irritation of a nerve

Question 19

Mastectomy

Answer 19

Removal of the breast, tissue and nipple

Question 20

Mastis

Answer 20

Inflammation or infection of the breast

Question 21

Modified radical mastectomy

Answer 21

Removal of the breast, tissue, nipple, and a portion of the auxiliary lymph nodes

Question 22

Paget disease

Answer 22

Form of breast cancer that begins in the ductile system, and involves scaly changes in the nipple, areola, and surrounding skin

Question 23

Sentinel lymph node

Answer 23

First lymph node in the lymphatic basin that receives drainage from the primary tumor in the breast; identified by a radio, scope, or blue dye

Question 24

Stereotactic core biopsy

Answer 24

Computer guided method of core needle biopsy that is useful. When masses or calcifications in the breast cannot be felt but can be visualized using mammography

Question 25

Surgical biopsy

Answer 25

Surgical removal of all, or a portion of a mass for microscopic examination by a pathologist

Question 26

Transverse rectus abdominous myocutaneous flap TR AM

Answer 26

Method of breast reconstruction, in which a flap of skin, fat, and muscle from the lower abdomen, with a detached blood supply is rotated to the mastectomy site