Nursing GI Patient Flashcards
What nursing care can be given to a patient with dysphagia?
- keep feeding times calm
- change food to pate-like consistency
- can use elevated feeding
- observe for signs of aspiration pneumonia
- gastric tube ( need to wait approx. 12 hours after placement before first feed). Needs to placed for 7-10 days.
What care does a patient with a gastric tube need?
- clean stoma site and dressing daily
- use a pre- and post- feed flush
- check for infection, leakage, obstruction, patient interference, signs of discomfort, nausea or vomiting
- give owner advice/ instructions/ feeding plan
What nursing care can be given to a patient with regurgitation?
- elevated feeding
- soft foods
- small frequent meals of calorie dense foods
- no exercise before or after eating
- monitor for aspiration
- gastric tube
- Monitor RER, hydration etc
What nursing considerations are there for a vomiting patient?
- Gut rest
- Feeding highly digestible foods to help keep gut lining healthy and reduce absorption of bacteria
- Monitor RER and top up with tube feeding if not vomiting
- Can use total parenteral nutrition but risky!
- Monitor for signs of nausea and provide anti-emetics
- Record frequency, type and volume of vomit
- Fluid therapy
- Monitor vital signs and hydration status
- keep patient and kennel clean and dry
- gentle handling of abdomen
- barrier nurse in case infectious case
What are the routes of enteral feeding?
- NO/NG Tube
- Oesophagostomy tube
- gastrostomy tube
- PEG Tube
- Jejunostomy tube (requires GA)
What is the formula for calculating a patients daily RER?
RER = ( 30 X BW ) +70
If a patients daily RER is 300kcal and you’re feeding a meal that is 50kcal/100g. How would you work out how much food the patient needs at each meal of the day (total of 3)?
300kcal = ? 50kcal = 100g
? = ( 100 x 300 ) / 50 = 600g per day 600/3 = 200g per meal
If a patient wasn’t tolerating meal feeds or bollus feeding via a tube, what can be better tolerated?
CRI
What nursing care could be provided to a patient with diarrhoea?
- low fat, highly digestible meals
- barrier nursing
- faecal scoring and recording volume and frequency
- fluid therapy
- medication/probiotics
- keep patient and kennel clean and dry
- monitor for skin scalding
- can use a foley catheter with a balloon and insert into rectum and inflate to prevent leakage. Frequently deflate and move balloon to prevent damage
What nursing care could be provided to a patient with constipation?
- assess hydration status +/- IVFT
- Stool-softeners
- Pain management
- Enema
- Manual evacuation
- Ensure appropriate litter in cats
- Gentle exercise
What nursing care could be provided to a patient with pancreatitis?
- IVFT
- Pain management
- Monitor nausea/vomiting +/- anti-emetics
- assisted feeding with highly digestible, low-fat diet
- monitor vital signs and hydration
- keep patient clean and dry
What nursing care could be provided to a patient with liver disease?
- barrier nurse if suspect infectious
- liver support diet - high calorie, novel protein source., vitamin b supplement (plus vit e & k)
- assisted feeding if anorexic
- reduce stress/ cage rest
- gentle handling of abdomen
What monitoring can be done for GI patients?
- BW, BCS. MCS
- Hydration status
- RER requirements met
- signs of vomiting, nausea
- faecal scoring
