Nursing and Healthcare Basics Flashcards
Healthy People 2020
- Comprehensive 10-yr strategy to promote health, prevent illness, disability and premature death
- Two main goals
o Increase quality and years of healthy life
Eliminate health disparities
Primary health care delivery system
a. Focused on improved health outcomes for entire population
b. Primary care and health education
Preventative health care delivery system
a. Immunizations
b. Mental health counselling
c. Yearly physicals
d. Screenings
Secondary health care delivery system
a. Diagnosis and treatment of illnesses
b. Managing illnesses
C. Hospitals
Tertiary care health care delivery system
a. Usually acute care
b. ICUs and sub-acute
Restorative health care delivery system
a. Recovering from illness or injury
b. Helps pt regain max function
c. Enhances quality of life and promotes pt independence
d. Home care, rehab
Nightingale’s Enviromental Theory
- Focuses on pt’s environment
o Nurses should manipulate via ventilation, light, decreased noise, hygiene, nutrition, etc
o Wanted nature to restored pt to health
Improved hygiene and sanitary conditions (Crimean war) by realizing health was linked to environmental factors
Peplau’s interpersonal Theory
- Mother of psychiatric nursing
- Middle range theory
- Focused on interpersonal relations among a nurse, a pt, and pt’s family (nurse-patient relationship
Oren’s self-care deficit
- Commonly used in practice
- Nurse continually assess a pt’s ability to perform self-care and intervenes as needed to ensure the pt’s meet physical, psychological, sociological and developmental needs
- Pt’s who participate in self-care activities are more likely to improve their health outcomes
Negligence
Negligence describes the nurse’s failure to act in a reasonable manner or to perform tasks that anyone else of sound mind would do. Examples would include failing to provide medication at the right time or using equipment incorrectly so that a patient was injured as a result.
Malpractice
Medical malpractice describes nursing care that resulted in harm toward the patient. When a nurse is charged with medical malpractice, there are 4 basic elements that must be present for a case. These include duty, breach of duty, damages, and causation
When does HIPPA not apply
Although HIPAA provides protections for patient privacy, there are some cases in which healthcare providers can disclose patient information to other providers and caregivers. These exceptions typically include care related to criminal acts, such as child or elder abuse, or when a patient is injured due to a firearm or some other weapon.
RACE for fire safety
When encountering a fire, a quick reference is RACE, which stands for Rescue, Alarm activation, Confine the fire Extinguish small fires or Evacuate.
The nurse should help others to leave the area and uses a fire extinguisher on the fire if it is small.
A general guideline of priority for evacuation is as follows:
Priority 1 - Children, babies, people that can walk. Priority 2 - People who can move using a walker or wheelchair.
Priority 3 - People who require a stretcher for transport. Priority 4 - All people in the intensive care unit.
Priority 5 - People with the least probability of living.
