Nucleus Flashcards
Where are proteins located to prevent degradation?
In organelles.
Where does every protein synthesis start?
In the cell cytosol.
What is required for proteins destined for the secretory pathway, and what is the first step in this pathway?
They require an ER signal sequence, and the first step is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
What is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane of the nucleus?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
What fills the perinuclear space,and what are nuclear pores?
Ribosomes fill the perinuclear space. Nuclear pores are the gates of the nucleus and resemble a basketball hoop, with the cytosol as the ring.
What is the function of the Nuclear Pores, and what does it contain channels for?
The Nuclear Pores allows the entry of Aquaous items into the cell through channels.
What are the key components related to nuclear import,and what happens if there is an issue with them?
The nuclear localization signal (NLS) and importins (nuclear import receptors) are crucial. Issues with them can prevent a protein from entering the nucleus, causing it to stay in the cytosol.
What is the role of Ran-GAP, and where is it located?
Ran-GAP (Guanine Activation protein) is in the cytosol, and its role is to hydrolyze Ran-GDP.
Where is Ran-GEF located, and what does it produce?
Ran-GEF (Guanine Exchange Factor) is in the nucleus and produces Ran-GTP, which is tied to chromatin.
What binds to importins to facilitate the transport of cargo proteins?
Ran-GTP/GDP.
What happens during nuclear export,and what is used in the export process?
The protein is cushioned, and ATP is used in the export process.
What do lamins anchor to,and what is their role during cell division?
Lamins anchor to the inner nuclear membrane, protecting DNA from damage. They become phosphorylated during cell division.
