NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACID (FINALS) Flashcards
Are unbranched polymers composed of repeating patterns
Nucleotides
2 kinds of nucleic acids found in the cells:
1) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
2) Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
— stores genetic information of an organism.
— has million nucleotides
— is contained in the chromosomes o f nucleus; each chromosome having a different type of DNA
DNA
Humans have ____ chromosomes ( ___ pairs)
46 chromosomes, 23 pairs
Individual chromosome composed of many
Genes
Nucleotides monomers of DNA and RNA
consist of:
A) Nitrogen-containing base
B) Sugar (monosaccharide)
C) Phosphate group
A monosaccharide + a base + phosphate
Nucleotide
A ribonucleotide contains the
monosaccharide ribose
A deoxyribonucleotide contains the
Monosaccharide 2-deoxyribose.
All base are basic because they are..
Heterocyclic aromatic amines
From Purine; has both 2 rings
Adenine (A), Guanine (G)
From Pyrimidine; has only 1 ring
Cytosine (C), Uracil (U), Thymine (T)
Uracil (U) occurs only in______, while Thymine (T)
occurs only in ______
RNA, DNA
DNA contains the bases ____
A,G,C,T
RNA contains the bases____
A,G,C,U
T/A: Nucleotide is formed by joining the anomeric carbon of the monosaccharide with a nitrogen-atom of the base.
True
Nitrogen atom at the 1 position bonds with the 1’ carbon of sugar
Pyrimidine bases
Nitrogen atom at the 9 position bonds with the 1’ carbon of the sugar
Purine bases
Adenine Nucleotide: DNA
Deoxyadenosine 5’-monophosphate (dAMP)
Adenine Nucleotide: RNA
Adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP)
Guanine Nucleotide: DNA
Deoxyguanosine 5’- monophosphate (dGMP)
Guanine Nucleotide: RNA
Guanosine 5’- monophosphate (GMP)
Cytosine Nucleotide: DNA
Deoxycytidine 5’- monophosphate (dCMP)
Cytosine Nucleotide: RNA
Cytidine 5’-monophosphate (CMP)
