Nucleotides and ATP

Question 1

Nucleotides

Answer 1

Nucleotides are key molecules in Biology. They provide the energy currency of cells in the form of adenosine triphosphate, usually referred to as ATP. They also provide the building blocks for the mechanism of inheritance in the form of DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid - and RNA - ribonucleic acid.

Question 2

Nucleotides - 2

Answer 2

Nucleotides are molecules with three parts - a 5 carbon pentose sugar, a nitrogen-containing base and a phosphate group - joined by condensation reactions.

Question 3

Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)

Answer 3

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide that acts as the energy supply molecule in cells. It is made up of the base adenine, the pentose sugar ribose and three phosphate groups.

Question 4

Purine base

Answer 4

A purine base is a base found in nucleotides that has two nitrogen-containing rings.

Question 5

Pyrimidine base

Answer 5

A pyrimidine base is a base found in nucleotides that has one nitrogen-containing ring.

Question 6

Adenine

Answer 6

Adenine is a purine base found in DNA and RNA.

Question 7

Guanine

Answer 7

Guanine is a purine base found in DNA and RNA.

Question 8

Cytosine

Answer 8

Cytosine is a pyrimidine base found in DNA and RNA.

Question 9

Thymine

Answer 9

Thymine is a pyrimidine base found in DNA.

Question 10

Uracil

Answer 10

Uracil is a pyrimidine base found in RNA.

Question 11

ATPase.

Answer 11

ATPase is an enzyme that catalyses the formation and the breakdown of ATP, depending on conditions

Question 12

Adenosine diphosphate(ADP)

Answer 12

ADP is nucleotide formed when ATP loses a phosphate group and provides energy to drive reactions in the cell.

Question 13

Reduction/oxidation (redox)

Answer 13

Reduction/oxidation (redox) reactions are reactions in which one reactant loses electrons(is oxidised) and another gains electrons ( is reduced).