Exam Style Questions Flashcards
Draw a diagram of sodium atom, including protons, neutrons and electrons[2]
Sodium atom
Draw a diagram of chlorine atom, including the protons, neutrons and electrons.
Chlorine atom
Show how sodium and chlorine atoms can be turned into sodium and chloride ions to form the ionic bond.
Sodium and chlorine ions
Draw 1 water molecule.
H2O
Using atomic structure of oxygen and hydrogen, explain why the electrons are held closer to the oxygen.
Oxygen hydrogen
Explain how a molecule of sodium chloride can dissolve in water.
Water can dissolve salt because the positive part of water molecules attracts the negative chloride ions and the negative part of water molecules attracts the positive sodium ions.
Water molecules are described as …..because they have a slight positive charge at one end of the molecule and a slight negative charge at the other end.
Polar molecules
This makes water a good….for salts and substances such as sugars.
Solvent
Bonds that form between water molecules are called ….bonds.
Hydrogen
Water is a good coolant because it has a high…., which means that it takes a lot of heat to change it from liquid to a gas.
Boiling point
Water also has a high…., which means that a lot of energy is needed to cause a small rise in its temperature.
Heat capacity
Nitrate ions( NO3 -) are needed for what?
Needed in plants for the formation of amino acids and therefore proteins from the products of photosynthesis, and also for the formation of DNA.
Phosphate ions (PO3-,4) are needed for what?
Needed in all living organisms including plants and animals in the formation of ATP and ADP as well as DNA and RNA.
Chloride ions(Cl-) are needed for what?
Needed in nerve impulses and many secretory systems.
Hydrogen carbonate ions (HCO3 -) are needed for what?
Needed for buffering the blood to prevent it from becoming too acidic.
