Nucleic acids, protein and enzymes

Question 1

Amino acid

Answer 1

a protein monometer

Question 2

What are proteins synthisized from

Answer 2

20 basic amino acids

Question 3

Structures o protein

Answer 3

primary, secondary, tertiary, quartery

Question 4

where are proteing assembled at

Answer 4

organelles called ribosomes

Question 5

Protein functions+example

Answer 5

Digest food (enzymes)
Carry oxygen (haemoglobin)
Defense (immunoglobin)
Structural (collagen)
Hormonal (insulin)

Question 6

How do amino acids join together

Answer 6

through condensation reaction

Question 7

5 things about peptide bonds

Answer 7

Covalent bond
Peptide bond between C and N
A water molecule is eliminated in a condensation reaction
Carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino of another amino acid
Two amino acids form a peptide bond

Question 8

Essential amino acids

Answer 8

Amino acids human body cannot produce (9)

Question 9

Non-essential amino acids

Answer 9

Your body can produce

Question 10

Denutration

Answer 10

the alteration of a protein shape through some form of external stress such that it will no longer be able to carry cellular function.

Question 11

Enzymes are…

Answer 11

globular proteins that work as catalysts - they speed up chemical reactions without being altered themselves.

Question 12

Enzymes are compromised of

Answer 12

amino amino acids linked together into one or more polypeptide chains

Question 13

Enzyme functions

Answer 13

Increase the reaction rate by lowering its activation energy

Question 14

How do enzymes catalyze the reactions?

Answer 14

By binding to a substrate

Question 15

Metabolism

Answer 15

all the chemical reactions in the body in order to maintain life

Question 16

Anabolism

Answer 16

when simple molecules combine to genereate complex molecules. It requires input energy

Question 17

Catabolism

Answer 17

Breakdown of complex molecules. Release energy

Question 18

how does concentration affect reaction rate

Answer 18

Higher condensation causes more collisions, therefore speeds up the reaction

Question 19

How does temperature affect reaction rate

Answer 19

raising temperature speeds up the reaction

Question 20

How does pH affect reaction rate

Answer 20

At its maximum when ph is optimal (7)

Question 21

how do enzymes act

Answer 21

by reducing the activation energy, thereby increasing the rate of reaction

Question 22

Active state

Answer 22

the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction

Question 23

Nucleic acids are

Answer 23

DNA and RNA

Question 24

nucleic acids

Answer 24

Overall name for DNA and RNA

Question 25

What are nucleic acids composed of

Answer 25

Nucleotides which are mononomes of 3 components:
5-carbon sugar
a phosphate group
nitrogenous base

Question 26

DNA

Answer 26

hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. which is found in NUCLEUS.

Question 27

deoxyribonucleic

Answer 27

a molecule composed for two chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. It carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all eukaryotic organisms

Question 28

T=

Answer 28

A

Question 29

A=

Answer 29

T

Question 30

G=

Answer 30

C

Question 31

C=

Answer 31

G

Question 32

RNA doesn’t have T it has

Answer 32

U

Question 33

DNA doesn’t have U it has

Answer 33

T

Question 34

C -

Answer 34

cytosine

Question 35

G -

Answer 35

guanine

Question 36

A -

Answer 36

adenine

Question 37

T -

Answer 37

thymine

Question 38

U -

Answer 38

uracil

Question 39

Number of strands in DNA and in RNA

Answer 39

DNA is double stranded RNA is single stranded

Question 40

The type of sugar DNA and RNA

Answer 40

DNA - deoxyribonucleic or deoxyribose
RNA - just ribose