Nucleic acids Flashcards
What are nucleic acids?
Molecules found in a cell’s nucleus.
What are the two types of nucleic acid?
DNA and RNA
What elements are present in nucleic acids?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus.
What are the monomer units of nucleic acids called?
Nucleotides
What three components make up a nucleotide?
A sugar
A phosphate group
A base
What bond holds two nucleotides together?
Phosphodiester bond
Name the sugar in
1) DNA
2) RNA
1) deoxyribose
2) ribose
What 4 bases are present in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine
What 4 bases are present in RNA?
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine
Which, out of pyrimidines and purines, is the smaller bases?
Pyrimidines.
Which bases are purines?
Adenine and Guanine
How many hydrogen bonds form between;
1) Adenine and Thymine
2) Guanine and Cytosine
1) 2 hydrogen bonds
2) 3 hydrogen bonds
The bases are________to eachother. Complete the sentence.
Complementary
True or false?
Purines always pair with purines.
False. Purines always pair with Pyrimidines.
DNA is too big to leave the nucleus for proteins to be made in the cytoplasm. So what is done?
Information is copied into RNA, which is small enough to leave the nucleus.