Cell Division- Mitosis

Question 1

What is the cell cycle used for?

Answer 1

For growth of organisms and repair of damaged tissues.

Question 2

What are the two main stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 2

Interphase and Mitotic phase

Question 3

What happens in interphase?

Answer 3

Cell prepares to divide. DNA is replicated. Energy store is increased. Cell grows in size. Organelles and proteins are replicated.

Question 4

What are the three stages of interphase?

Answer 4

G1 S G2

Question 5

What happens in: G1, S, G2?

Answer 5

G1- the cell increases in size, proteins and organelles are made. S- DNA is replicated G2- cell continues to grow in size, proteins for cell division are made.

Question 6

The cell cycle contains checkpoints after each stage to make sure everything is ok to carry on. What is checked in: G1 checkpoint ? G2 checkpoint ?

Answer 6

G1- Cell checks that the chemicals needed for replication are present. G2- Cell checks for any damage or errors in the DNA.

Question 7

What are the 4 division stages in Mitosis?

Answer 7

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Question 8

What happens in prophase?

Answer 8

Chromosomes condense. Centrioles (proteins) begin to move to opposite ends of the cell forming spindles. Nuclear envelope begins to disintegrate.

Question 9

What happens in metaphase?

Answer 9

Chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate/equator by attaching to the spindle by their centromeres.

Question 10

What happens in anaphase?

Answer 10

Centromeres divide which separates the sister chromatids. Spindles contract, pulling the chromatids to opposite ends of the cell.

Question 11

What happens in telophase?

Answer 11

The chromatids have reached each end of the cell. They uncoil to become long chromosomes again. Nuclear envelopes form around each group of chromosomes. Cells begin to divide at this stage.

Question 12

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 12

When the cell divides to become two new cells.

Question 13

What happens in cytokinesis?

Answer 13

In animal cells- a cleavage/furrow forms to divide the cell membrane. 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell are formed. CYTOKINESIS IS SEPARATE TO MITOSIS.

Question 14

How can you observe the cell cycle under a microscope?

Answer 14

By staining chromosomes.

Question 15

What is the cell cycle?

Answer 15

The process whereby cells grow and divide.