Nucleic acid

Question 1

Chemical repositories of genetic information

Answer 1

Nucleic Acids

Question 2

Located inside the nucleus

Answer 2

eukaryotes

Question 3

Located in the nucleoid region

Answer 3

prokaryotes

Question 4

Biopolymers of nucleotides linked together by

Answer 4

phosphodiester bond

Question 5

2 forms of phosphodiester bond

Answer 5

DNA (2’ -deoxyribonucleic acid)
RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Question 6

Flat aromatic
basic
have conjugated double bonds
have multiple sites for hydrogen bonding

Answer 6

Nitrogenous bases

Question 7

Two _____ molecules are liberated upon formation of a _____

Answer 7

water
nucleotide

Question 8

Phoshate + pentose (sugar) + base

Answer 8

Nucleotide

Question 9

Pentose (sugar) + base only

Answer 9

Nucleoside

Question 10

Function of Nucleotides (4)

Answer 10

repeating units/precursors of nuclein acids
energy currencies
co-enzymes and reductants
activated molecules

Question 11

Polymer of nucleotides

Answer 11

DNA

Question 12

Alternating sugar and phosphate groups linked together by phosphodiester bonds

Answer 12

Backbone

Question 13

Base sequence is read from

Answer 13

5’ to 3’ direction

Question 14

Base sequence along a chain carries the

Answer 14

genetic information

Question 15

The DNA molecule has the form of a

Answer 15

double helix

Question 16

Obtained the x-ray diffraction photographs of DNA fibers

Answer 16

Rosalind Franklin
Maurice Wilkins

Question 17

Deduced DNA structure in 1953

Answer 17

James Watson
Francis Crick

Question 18

The two chains run in

Answer 18

opposite direction

Question 19

The sugar phosphate backbones are on the

Answer 19

outside

Question 20

Purine and pyrimidine bases lie on the ____ of the helix

Answer 20

inside

Question 21

The bases are nearly _____ to the helix axis
Bases are stacked on the top of the other with distance __
Base stacking maximizes _____ tonstabilize the DNA structure

Answer 21

Perpendicular
34.A
Hydrophobic interaction

Question 22

Two strands are complementary due to

Answer 22

specific base pairing

Question 23

Small DNA molecule which is physically separate from chromosal DNA and capable of self replication

Usually used as _____ in generic engineering

Answer 23

Plasmid DNA
vector

Question 24

Sugar component which is

Answer 24

ribose

Question 25

Thymine is replaced with

Answer 25

uracil

Question 26

Serves as template for the synthesis of polypeptide (translation)

Answer 26

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 27

Carries amino acids in an activated form to the ribosomes for peptide bond formation during polypeptide synthesis

Answer 27

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 28

Major component of ribosomes

Answer 28

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 29

Each turn of the helix consists of _____ base pairs (34 A/ turn)
Rotation per base is
Full turn / 10 bases per turn
Helix diameter is

Answer 29

10 stacked
36°
360° per
20 A