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Pharmacology 2 > NSAIDs > Flashcards

NSAIDs Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of Prostaglandin E (PGE)

A
  • increased mucous production
  • decreases acid production
  • increases regeneration rate of mucous membranes
  • dilates vessels in the kidneys - kidney protection
    • Increase renal blood flow
    • Protect against kidney damage
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2
Q

What is the localisation of COX-1 isoenzyme?

A

stomach, kidney, platelets

Constituitive

always present

“house keeping enzyme”

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3
Q

What is the loaction is COX-2 isoenzyme?

A

Macrophages and fibroblasts

Inductive

want to inhibit in the case of inflmmation

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4
Q

what is the localisation of COX-3 isoenzymes?

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Fever effect

Antipiretic, analgesic

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5
Q

name some traditional non COX-2 selective NSAIDs?

A

Aspirin

Ketoprophen

Fluxinin

Piroxicam

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6
Q

name come preferential COX-2 selective NSAIDs?

A

Meloxicam

Caprofen

vedaprofen

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7
Q

name the most important NSAID used in horses?

A

Fluxinin

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8
Q

describe Coxibs?

A

very safe

COX-2 selective

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9
Q

name some coxibs?

A

Fibrocoxib

Robenacoxib

Deracoxib

Cimicoxib

Mavacoxib

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10
Q

describe the side effects of NSAIDs?

A

GI ulceration and bleeding

kidney damage (predisposing factors)

Liver damage

Platelet aggregation inhibition

Methaeoglobinaemia (paracetamol)

Problems during pregnancy

Cartilage damage

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11
Q

Name some COX-3 inhibitors?

A

Paracetamol

metamizole

acetaminophen

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12
Q

describe the indications of NSAIDs?

A
  • Osteoarthritis, osteoarthrosis
  • Infectious arthritis
  • Myositis, tendinitis
  • Fever
  • Endotoxaemia
  • GI and urinary tract spasm
  • Colitis
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13
Q

name the NSAIDS best suited for treatment of E.coli mastitis, enteritis in small animals, in gram negative infection?

A

Meloxicam and fluxinin

Antiendotoxin

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14
Q

Name the drugs best used to release spasms of the SM in the equine gut during colic?

A

Fluxinin

Metamizole

Spasmolytic

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15
Q

Name the best NSAID used as a antineoplastic drug?

A

Piroxicam

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16
Q

how do we minimise the chance of gastric ulcers associated with NSAID treatment?

A

administer with food or within protective capsule

17
Q

hypoalbuminaemia can increase the chance of side effects?

A

True

extensive albumin binding protects the body from the drug

18
Q

what is the purpose of the loading dose?

A

to saturate the albumin with the drug

19
Q

Is there a WP for milk with NSAIDs?

A

No

20
Q

describe the metabolism of NSAIDs?

A
  • mostly glucuronic acid conjugation
  • Feline sensitivity
    • missing the enzyme
    • Often smaller dose required
21
Q

describe the excretion?

A

in the urine in both active and inactive forms

22
Q

describe how GI ulceration occurs?

A
  1. Local irritation ( ion trapping)
  2. Reduced PGE
  • less protection of the gastric mucosa
23
Q

which NSAIDs often have platelet aggregation inhibition as a common side effect?

A

Asprin

Fluxinin

Tolfenamic acid

Ketoprophen

24
Q

which NSAIDs can cause cartilage damage by proteoglycan synthesis inhibition?

A

Asprin

Ibuprofen

ketoprofen

naproxen

25
Q

name the salicylates?

A

Asprin

Sulfasalazine

Mesalazine

26
Q

name the arilproprionic acids?

A

Ketoprofen

Vedaprofen

carprofen

27
Q

describe the benifits of using carprofen?

A

no cartilage damage

rare side effects

COX-2 preferential

also for exotic animals

long action in cattle

28
Q

name the Anthronilic acids?

A

Fluxinin meglumine

Tolfenamic acid

29
Q

describe fluxinin?

A

widely used in Eq

thrombocyte aggregation inhibition

antiendotoxic

30
Q

describe the benifit of tolfenamic acid?

A

safe short term in cats

31
Q

name the Oxicams?

A

Meloxicam

Piroxicam

32
Q

describe Meloxicam?

A

COX-2 preferential

Used in Large animals for E.coli mastitis - antiendotoxin

33
Q

describe a useful feature of Piroxicam?

A

Antineoplastic

prostate tumours

urinary bladder tumours

34
Q

name the Non-acidic NSAID substances?

A

Alinin derivatives

Pyrazolones

35
Q

Name and describe an Alanin derivative?

A

Paracetamol

COX-3 selective

analgesic, anitpyretic (minor analgesic)

Never use in cats

36
Q

name and describe a Pyrazolone?

A

Metamizole

Not specific but mainly COX-3

can be used in the case of horse colic however not as effective as fluxinin

37
Q

why are the coxibs different from other NSAIDs?

A

Highly selective COX-2 inhibition

less damaging to GI tract

However can cause more damage to the cardiovascular system

Pharmacology 2 (5 decks)

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