Immunosuppression

Question 1

describe the different indications of immunosuppression?

Answer 1

1. autoimmune diseases
2. Hypersensitivity diseases
3. Transplantation

Question 2

List some of the autoimmune diseases?

Answer 2

Lupus, pemphigus complex

IHA

KCS

Etc.

Question 3

list some of the hypersensitivity diseases?

Answer 3

Atopic dermatitis

Asthma

IBD (inflammatory bowel disease)

etc.

Question 4

name some drugs used in autoimmune cases?

Answer 4

Antimetabolites

alkylating agents

glucocorticoids

calcineurin inhibitors

( cyclosporines, tacrolimus, pimecrolimus)

often 2-3 in combinaton

Question 5

describe the antimetabolites?

Answer 5

purine and pyrimidine analogues ( inhibition or DNA damage)

Effect to cell division

Question 6

name some antimtabolite drugs used against immunospression?

Answer 6

Azanthioprine

mycophenolate mofetil

metotrexate

Question 7

describe the antimetabolite azanthioprine?

Answer 7

slow release - longer effect

Iv or oral

Side effects in Fe

Application in autoimmune diseases

Question 8

describe the antimetabolite mycophenolate mofetil?

Answer 8

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMD) inhibitor (reduced GMP)

ecpecially specific to T and B lymphocytes

much safer than azanthioprine

rarely used in veterinary medicine

Question 9

describe the antimetabolite metotrexate?

Answer 9

Folic acid antagonist

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors

Apoptosis of activated T cells (no effect on cells in resting phase)

used to treat rheumatoid arthritis + certain rheumatoid disorders

Question 10

describe the alkylating agents?

Answer 10

cyclophosphamide

Nirtogen mustard, DNA-alkylating

(Proliferating >> non proliferating cells)

B and T cells equally affected

Question 11

list the sife effects of cyclophosphamide?

Answer 11

GI

BM

haemorrhagic cystitis

Question 12

indications for the use of cyclophosphamide?

Answer 12

administration mostly per os

antineoplastic

Autoimmune disorders