Glucocorticoids Flashcards
Pharmacological effects of glucocorticoids?
Anti-inflammatory
Immunosuppressive
Anti-shock, anti-edema
Antiallergic
Anti-endotoxin
Anti-neoplastic (lymphoma)
Substitiution therapy (Addisons)
describe the antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive effects?
COX- enzyme expression reduced
Interleukin expression reduced
TNF and IFN synthesis reduced
Neutrophilia
apoptosis in lymphocytes (lymphocytopenia)
how do glucocorticoids act as antishock drugs?
Decrease the permeablity of capilliary membranes, enhancing microcirculation
High dosage causes vasoconstriction
Describe the neuroprotective action of GC?
Glucocorticoids counteract lipidperoxidation and enhance microcirculation
name the short acting GC (<12 hrs) ?
Cortisol
name the intermediate acting GC (12-36hrs) ?
Prednisolone
methylprednisolone
triamcinolone
name the long acting GC (>48hrs) ?
Dexmethasone
Betamethasone
name the highly potent GC with a local effect only?
Beclomethasone
Flumethasone
list the side effects of GC therapy?
HPA axis inhibition
GI ulceration
Hepatopathy
Pancreatitis
Glaucoma, cataracts
Thinning of the skin, delayed wound healing, alopecia
PU/PD
Polyphagia
Remobilisation of fats
Muscle atrophy
Immunosuppression
indications for usage?
severe allergic reactions
Othapedic inflammation
GI inflammation
Respiratory inflammation
Immunosuppression
Lymphoma (In combination)
describe the administration during shock, allergic reaction, spinal trauma?
High dosage once
IV
describe the prefered treatment with prednisolone and methylprednisolone?
ADT
alternative day therapy
when should long acting injections be administered?
only when ADT is not possible
which GC is an abortifacient?
Dexmathasone
Name the antiinflammatory GC?
Dexmethasone
Methylprednisolone
Prednisolone
Hydrocortisone
prednisone
Triamcinolone
flumethasone
