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NS_BTRAN > NS_Unit 1 Drugs > Flashcards

NS_Unit 1 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Muscarinic Receptor Agonists?

A

Acetylcholine
Bethanechol
Pilocarpine

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2
Q

What are the Nicotinic Receptor Agonists?

A

Acetylcholine

Nicotine

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3
Q

What is Atropine?

A

Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist, that is a tertiary amine.

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4
Q

What are the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors?

A

Physostigmine
Neostigmine
Edrophonium
Organophosphates

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5
Q

What is Pralidoxime?

A

Cholinesterase reactivator (antidote for organophosphate poisoning)

a type of Parasympathetic Nervous System Drug.

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6
Q

Name a α1, α2, β1, β2 (nonselective) Adrenergic Agonist?

A

Epinephrine

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7
Q

What is Epinephrine?

A

A α1, α2, β1, β2 (nonselective) Adrenergic Agonist. direct receptor.

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8
Q

What is Norepinephrine (Levophed)?

A

a α1, α2, β1 adrenergic agonist

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9
Q

Name an α1 (selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

A

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

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10
Q

Name an α2 (selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

A

Clonidine (Catapres)

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11
Q

Name a β1/β2 (non-selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

A

Isoproterenol (Isuprel)

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12
Q

Name a β1 (selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

A

Albuterol

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13
Q

Name a D1-D2 direct agonist plus indirect agonists (releasers), adrenergic agonist drug?

A

Dopamine

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14
Q

What is the MOA of Pseudoephedrine?

A

Indirect agonists (releasers), adrenergic agonist

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15
Q

Name a drug that is a β1 (selective) Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist.

A

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Atenolol (Tenormin)

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16
Q

Name a drug that is a α and β1/β2 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist.

A

Labetalol (Normodyne)

Carvedilol (Coreg)

17
Q

What are the NMJ neurotoxins we learn about?

A

Botulinum toxin (Botox)

Black widow spider venom

18
Q

What is the MOA of Botulinum toxin (Botox)?

A

inhibits acetylcholine release (synaptobrevin-synaxin-SNAP 25)

19
Q

What is the MOA of Black widow spider venom?

A

increases acetylcholine release (neurexin 1- latrophilin)

20
Q

What is the MOA of the drug Atacurium?

A

NMJ competitive blocker. Isoquinoline derivatives.

a type of Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists

21
Q

What is the MOA of the drug Rocuronium?

A

a Steroid derivative, NMJ competitive blocker, Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists

22
Q

What is the MOA of the drug Succinylcholine ?

A

NMJ depolarizing blocker, Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists

23
Q

______ and ______ drugs can be used to treat asthma via ____ and ____ receptors

A 
Cholinergic antagonists (M3)
Adrenergic agonists (B2)
24
Q

Bethanechol and Pilocarpine are (direct/indirect)

A

DIRECT

cholinergic agonists

25
Q

Neostigmine and Pyridostigmine are (direct/indirect) ______________

A

INDIRECT

cholinergic agonists (via acetylcholine esterase inhibition)

26
Q

Edrophonium and donepezil are (direct/Indirect) _____________

A

INDIRECT

cholinergic agonists (via acetylcholine esterase inhibition)

27
Q

Organophosphate nerve gases are (direct/Indirect) _____________

A

INDIRECT

cholinergic agonists (via acetylcholine esterase inhibition)

28
Q

Pilocarpine can be used to treat _______ and ______

A

glaucoma and xerostomia

long acting topical agent

29
Q

Urinary retention can be treated with _____ and ______

A

bethanechol and neostigmine

30
Q

antidote - used to block excessive muscarinic receptor stimulation

A

Atropine

31
Q
  • salivary gland hypofunction from radiotherapy for cancer or in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome
  • can also occur with antimuscarinic side effects
A

Xerostomia

32
Q

Pralidoxime

mechanism of action and use

A

regenerates AChE –> ANTI cholinergic, increases ACh break down

Prevents over-activation of NM receptors (this over-activation can cause flaccid paralysis and respiratory failure)

33
Q

Atropine and Scopolamine are (direct/indirect), (selective, nonselective) ____________

can be used to treat ______ and _______

A

direct, nonselective ANTImuscarinic drugs

severe bradycardia and overdose of muscarinic agonist (e.g. organophosphate nerve gas)

34
Q

Atracurium, Rocuronium, and Succinylcholine are ________________ that act on the _____ receptor

A 
neuromuscular blockers (N-M receptor)
antinicotinic drugs
35
Q

Ipratropium and tiotropium are _________ and are used to treat _____ and _______

A

anticholinergic/antimuscarinic drugs

asthma and COPD

36
Q

Oxybutynin and Tolterodine are __________ and are used to treat ______

A

anticholinergic/antimuscarinic drugs

overactive bladder (OAB)

37
Q

Pseudoephedrine

mechanism?

A

indirect acting activator of adrenergic system via release of NE at a1 receptor –> vasoconstriction (in nose, etc.)

NS_BTRAN (21 decks)

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