NS Flashcards

1
Q

The largest division of the brain is the

A

cerebrum

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2
Q

The surface of the cerebrum is called the

A

cortex

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3
Q

The small winding grooves on the surface of the brain are called

A

sulci

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4
Q

How many lobes is the cerebral cortex divided into?

A

4

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5
Q

The function of the primary motor cortex is to control

A

movement of the body

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6
Q

Broca’s area is mainly involved in

A

speech production

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7
Q

Which of the following best describes the main functions of the prefrontal cortex?

A

personality, short-term memory, and consciousness

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8
Q

A patient with Broca’s Aphasia would present with which of the following symptoms?

A

an inability to speak coherently

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9
Q

The ability to sense the position of your body parts in space without having to look at them (ex. looking at the ball when swinging a bat instead of having to look at your arms) is called

A

Proprioception

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10
Q

Which part of the parietal lobe is responsible for processing your sense of touch?

A

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

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11
Q

The Primary Gustatory Cortex processes the sense of

A

taste

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12
Q

The primary function of the Occipital Lobe is taking in and processing

A

Vision

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13
Q

Which part of the temporal lobe is responsible for processing your sense of hearing?

A

Primary Auditory Cortex

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14
Q

The primary subcortical location for the production of ACH in the brain, which is important in overall activity of the cortex and attention to stimuli is/are the

A

basal forebrain

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15
Q

A major subcortical part of the limbic system that contributes to emotional responses and assists in long-term memory formation is/are the:

A

hippocampus and amygdala

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16
Q

Although it also has roles in things like emotions and behavior, the major function of the basal nucleus (aka basal ganglia) is

A

allowing, blocking, and learning movements

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17
Q

The part of the brain that connects the limbic system (emotions) to the rest of the brain is the

A

epithalamus

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18
Q

The part of the brain that essentially acts as a relay station to process and send sensory information to the correct locations in the brain is the

A

thalamus

19
Q

The part of the brain that indirectly controls the endocrine system by controlling the pituitary gland is the

A

hypothalamus

20
Q

You hear a bird chirping and can visualize that the sound is coming from above you. Which part of the brain is responsible for this ability to visualize where a sound is coming from?

A

Midbrain

21
Q

The main connection between the brain stem and the cerebellum is the

A

Pons

22
Q

Which of the following brain structures, which gets impaired in heroine and morphine overdoses, has the most direct control over involuntary functions of the body, such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and vomiting?

A

medulla oblongata

23
Q

The part of the CNS that acts like a large cluster of wires connecting sensory input from and motor output to the body is the

A

Spinal Cord

24
Q

Ataxic gait is often mistaken for drunkenness. What part of the brain is affected to cause this difficulty balancing when walking?

A

cerebellum

25
Q

Sympathetic ganglia are generally located near the _____________, while parasympathetic ganglia are usually located near the _____________.

A

vertebral column; organs they regulate

26
Q

A signal to speed up heart rate and respiratory rate would most likely pass through ____________

A

sympathetic chain ganglia

27
Q

Which of the following signals would pass through the DORSAL ROOT of a spinal nerve

A

the sensation of a cotton swab rubbing against the arm

28
Q

The perineurium of a nerve is a connective tissue layer that surrounds

A

a fascicle of neurons

29
Q

A signal to slow down heart rate and respiratory rate would most likely pass through __________

A

sympathetic chain ganglia

30
Q

A group of neuron cell bodies in the PNS is called a

A

ganglion

31
Q

An impairment of the ability to move extrinsic (external) muscles of the eye could result from damage to any of the following craninal nerves EXCEPT

A

olfactory

32
Q

Difficulty in feeling your face could result from damage to which of the following cranial nerves?

A

trigeminal

33
Q

Damage to the optic nerve could most directly result in which of the following?

A

blindness

34
Q

Which of the following could result in a person looking “cross-eyed” in only 1 eye?

A

cranial nerve VI palsy

35
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves is a mixed nerve?

A

CN V (trigeminal)

36
Q

Which of the cranial nerves extends from the brain stem to the abdomen and is responsible for aiding in involuntary functions in thoracic and abdominal organs required to maintain homeostasis?

A

vagus

37
Q

Difficulty balancing or hearing could result from damage to the ____________ nerve.

A

vestibulocochlear

38
Q

Difficulty in making facial expressions could result from damage to which of the following cranial nerves?

A

facial

39
Q

Damage to all of the following could affect movement of the mouth or tongue EXCEPT

A

vagus

40
Q

Some of the neck muscles receive motor signals from the ____________ nerve

A

accessory

41
Q

Sciatica is a condition in which patients may experience pain and numbness in the back and leg due to compression or inflammation of the sciatic nerve. From which nerve plexus does the sciatic nerve arise?

A

sacral plexus

42
Q

Which of the following sends out the phrenic nerve to the diaphragm?

A

cervical plexus

43
Q

Damage to the brachial plexus could cause numbness and/or weakness to which part of the body?

A

arm

44
Q

The intercostal nerves arise from fibers coming from spinal nerves in the ____________ region.

A

thoracic