November 2016: Vegetables Flashcards
what are the 4 c’s??
- Cooking
- Cleaning
- Chilling
- Cross Contamination
What does ‘balanced’ mean?
A variety of foods from all food groups each day
What does the word ‘healthy’ mean?
In line with the Government's healthy eating guidlines: •Less Salt •Less Sugar •More Fibre •Less Fat •More Fruit and Vedgetables
What does ‘Processed’ mean?
Deliberately changing the food in some way through some manufacturing process
What does ‘Spoilage of food’ mean?
The process of food ‘going bad’, ‘deteriorating’, ‘going off’ or the disagreeable change in the foods normal state
What should you include on your time plan?
The date your doing the practical
The time each step is going to take
Equipment you are going to use
the food group each ingredient is going to fall into
How many portions of fruit and vegetables should we eat and what does it look like?
We should eat 5 portions a day and each of the portions should be a handful (80g)
What does the eatwell guide tell us?
- We should not eat Sugar
2. A third of our diet should be fruit and vegetables
What is it called when a fruit or Vegetable discolour?
Enzymic Browning
What is enzymic Browning?
It’s a chemical process which occurs in fruit and vegetables. It causes the flesh to discolour, commonly to a brown colour.
What enzyme causes Enzymic browning?
Polyphenol Oxidose
Which 3 ways prevents Enzymic browning?
- Placing in water and Salt
- Covering in acid e.g lemon juice or vinegar
- Water and Vitamin C tablet
What is 5 examples of processing?
- Pre-prepared fresh
- Canned/Bottled
- Frozen
- Dried
- Juiced
What are 3 advantages of processing foods?
- Convenience
- Year round availability
- Increase the shelf life
What is Primary Processing?
The conversion of raw materials into food commodities
What is Secondary Processing?
Converting primary processed foods into other foods
What is Preservation?
A process or handling food that slows down the spoilage or loss of quality of food, and extends the time or shelf life when it can be eaten safely.
What are 4 signs that food has gone bad?
- discoloured
- wrinkly
- shriveled
- bad smell
What is microbial action?
All food can be attacked by bacteria and fungi that cause food to rot or become mouldy. If permitted to multiply, these microbes can cause spoilage. e.g. Bread
What is Oxidation?
Food that is attacked by oxygen in the air, which makes it rancid or resulting in an unpleasant taste.
What gives Fruit and vegetables it’s green colour?
Presence of chlorophyll
What 2 pH does chlorophyll respond to?
- Acid
2. Alkaline
What cause fruit and vegetables to have a yellow/orange colour?
Carotenoids
What give fruit and vegetables it’s red/Blue colour?
Water soluble pigments called anthocyanins
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + water + light energy = glucose + oxygen
What does cooking increase?
Flavour
What part of a plant is softened when heating?
Cell walls
What vitamin is water soluble?
Vitamin C
What part of yellow vegetables is released during cooking?
Beto Carotene
What vegetables is a source of Vitamin A?
- Kale
- Sweet Potatoes
- Bell Peppers
- Lettuce
- Carrots
What fruits and vegetables is a source of Vitamin C?
- Broccoli
- Citrus fruits (Lemon)
- Berries
- Tomatoes
- Peas
What fruits and vegetables is a source of Iron?
- Cucumber
- Asparagus
- Onions
- Apples
- Bananas
What is the function of Vitamin A?
Helps Cell development
What is the function of vitamin C?
Helps absorption of Iron
What is the function of Iron?
Creates red blood cells
What is a fruit vegetable?
Tomatoes
How could you encourage teenagers to eat more fruit and vegetables?
add dried fruit to pancakes substitute soft drinks for fruit and vegetable juices soups stews hiding vegetables in meals blending to make a puree
What two nutrients that are lost during cooking?
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
How does a fruit become sweet?
photosynthesis- Plants uses water, CO2 and energy from sunlight
Energy is converted into starch
Fruit ripens and glucose is converted into sucrose
the fruit ripens further and and the sucrose is then turned into fructose
what is the advantages of Braising?
Suitable for non specialists
Retains colour
What does ‘seasonality’ mean?
The foods that are grown at different types of the year in the UK
What are two ways that fruit and veg can be processed?
Primary processing
Secondary processing
