Notable 12 Week Acronyms

Question 1

LAN

Answer 1

Local Area Network

• Same Network
• Function of the Link Layer

Question 2

WAN

Answer 2

Wide Area Network

• Multiple networks are connected
• Function of the Internet layer

Question 3

MAC

Answer 3

Media Access Control

• Identifies your computer

Question 4

ARP

Answer 4

Address Resolution Protocol

• Translates back & forth between data
• “Phone book” for MAC addresses on the local network
• Each host stores its own copy of an ARP Table

Question 5

ICMP

Answer 5

Internet Control Message Protocol

• Used by network devices (how routers talk to each other)

Question 6

TCP

Answer 6

Transmission Control Protocol

(Segment)

• Pros
  
  • ​Reliable (sends data in order)
• Cons
  
  • ​Slow

Question 7

UDP

Answer 7

User Data Protocol

(Datagram)

• Pros
  
  • ​Fast
• Cons
  
  • ​Unreliable (can cause lag in video games)

Question 8

DNS

Answer 8

Domain Name System

• Converts Domain names from IP addresses
  
  • (Application Layer)
• Uses Port 53

Question 9

DHCP

Answer 9

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

• Helps identify the gateway router, DNS server

Question 10

NAT

Answer 10

Network Address Translation

• Logbook that the gateway keeps
• Some IP addresses are called “non-routable” or “private”

Question 11

AES

Answer 11

Advanced Encryption Standard

• Symmetric Key algorithm
  
  • ​Used to encrypt Top Secret information
  • Basis for modern VPNs

Question 12

RSA

Answer 12

Rivest, Shamir & Adleman (Asymmetric Encryption)

• Most commonly used across the internet