Nosocomial Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are some primary concerns with VAP?

A

increased death rates (46% mortality for ventilated patients with VAP); increased costs, increased LOS

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2
Q

When are some suspecting signs of VAP?

A

when a mechanically ventilated patient has evidence of new or progressing pulmonary infiltrate along with fever, leukocytosis, and purulent tracheobronchial secretions

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3
Q

VAP is considered if the patient was ventilated within ______ hours of the onset of infection.

A

48 hours

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4
Q

What is the basic patho of VAP?

A

microorganisms gain access to normally sterile lower part of the respiratory tract

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5
Q

What is included in the VAP prevention “bundle”?

A

hand hygiene, HOB at least 30 degrees; mouth care q2h with chlorohexidine, DVT prophylaxis, PUD prophylaxis, interruption of sedation to assess readiness for extubation, subglottic suctioning— conventional ET with hi-lo continuous suction port

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6
Q

An infection within ______ days of an operation is considered to be a possible surgical site infection…. but what are the other guidelines?

A

within 30 days of operation AND infection only involves skin or subq tissue of incision AND (one of the following): purulent drainage, organism from aseptically obtained cx of fluid or tissue from superficial incision, or at least one of the following symptoms (pain or tenderness, localized swelling, redness, heat)

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7
Q

What are some potential risks for a SSI?

A

diabetes, malnutrition, steroid use, nicotine use, prolonged hospital stay, preop colonization of staph, perioperative transfusions

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8
Q

What is the 2nd most common HAI in the US?

A

VAP

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9
Q

VAP is responsible for _____ % of infections that occur in the ICU.

A

25%

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