Endocrine Hormones

Question 1

What hormones are secreted by the pineal gland?

Answer 1

Melatonin and serotonin; needs, development, and body clock

Question 2

What are the primary hormones and their function secreted by the anterior pituitary?

Answer 2

TSH (thyroid activity—metabolic rate, fat breakdown, water content), ACTH (adrenal cortex activity—fats, glycogen, resistance to stress), Somatropin (bone growth, amino acid synthesis, fat and blood sugar levels), FSH (ova and sperm maturation), LH (lactation in women, corpus luteum formation), interstitial cell stimulating (secretion of testosterone), Prolactin (lactation)

Question 3

What hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, and what are their functions?

Answer 3

Oxytocin (uterine muscle and female breast tissue), ADH (kidney function, preventing water loss)

Question 4

What hormones are secreted by the thyroid gland?

Answer 4

Thyroxine- T4 & Triiodothyronine-T3 (overall cellular metabolism—protein breakdown, glucose uptake)

Question 5

What are the secreted hormones and their function of the parathyroid gland?

Answer 5

Parathormone (calcium balance and utilization)

Question 6

What are the hormones and their function that are secreted by the thymus gland?

Answer 6

Thymosin (blood) & thymopoeitin (protein)—immunity, neuromuscular activity

Question 7

What are the hormones and their function that are secreted by pancreas?

Answer 7

Glucagon (raises blood sugar, releases glucose into blood stream) & Insulin (lowers blood sugar, converts glucose for safe storage and cellular uptake)

Question 8

What are the hormones and their function that are secreted by the ovaries?

Answer 8

Oestrogens (female primary and secondary sexual maturity) and progesterone (menstrual flow and fetal development)

Question 9

What are the hormones and their function that are secreted by the testes?

Answer 9

Testosterone (male primary and secondary sexual maturity)

Question 10

What are the hormones and their function that are secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Answer 10

Aldosterone (regulate Na: K balance and water content), cortisol (maintain levels of fuel reserves, reactions to stress, anti inflammatory, tissue repair processes) and androgens/oestrogens (reproductive organ function, secondary sexual characteristics)

Question 11

What are the hormones and their function that are secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Answer 11

Adrenaline (80%) & Norepinephrine (20%)— fight or flight response to stress and emergencies

Question 12

What hormones are secreted by the hypothalamus?

Answer 12

Oxytocin and ADH; (coordination with nervous system to maintain overall homeostasis)….. Thyrotropin releasing hormone