Nose, Mouth, and Throat Flashcards
Children develop all 20 deciduous teeth by age
2.5
Deciduous teeth are lost beginning
at 6 years— 12 years of age
Nasal hairs in aging adult
grow stiffer and coarser and may not filter air as well. Portrude, may cause itching and sneezing
Taste in older adult
80% reduction in taste functioning due to a loss of taste buds, decrease in salivary secretion, and decrease in olfactory nerve fibers
What increases risk for infections and malignant lesions in the oral cavity of the aging adult?
Atrophic tissues that ulcerate easily.
Dental changes with aging
Tooth surface is abraded Gums recede Teeth erode at the gum line V shape cavity forms around the neck of the tooth, exposing the nerve and making the tooth hypersensitive Tooth loss may occur due to osteoporosis
Malocclusion
Drifting of teeth after tooth loss
Chewing with maloccluding teeth causes…
- further tooth loss
- muscle imbalance from out of line maxilla and mandible, which causes muscle spasms
- stress on the TMJ which causes osteoarthritis, pain, and difficulty opening mouth
saliva production in the aging adult
decreases
Absence of teeth and trouble with mastication in the aging adult causes nutritional deficit for
protein, vitamins, and minerals
Nasal flaring in infant indicates
respiratory distress
What causes a deviated septum?
trauma
Sense of smell diminishes with
cigarette smoing
chronic allergies
aging
GAS pharyngitis (strep throat) most likely with
fever over 100.4
absence of cough
tonsillar exudates
cervical adenopathy
dysphagia occurs with
pharyngiitis
GERD
stroke/neuroglogical disease
esophageal cancer
Chronic tobacco use causes what dental issues?
Toot loss
Coronal and Root caries
Periodontal disease
Additional subjective NMT questions for aging adult
- Dryness? Medications?
- Lost any teeth? Can you chew all types of food?
- Are you able to care for your own teeth/dentures?
- Have you noticed a change in your sense of taste or smell?
With URI nasal mucosa is…
swollen and bright red
With chronic allergy nasal mucosa is…
swollen, boggy, pale, and gray
Nasal polyps are
smooth, pale gray, avascular, mobile, and nontender
cherry red lips indicate
carbon monoxide poisoning, acidosis from aspirin poisoning, or ketoacidosis
Chelitis (perleche)
cracking at the corners of the mouth
dark line on gingival margins occurs with
lead and bismuth poisoning
enlarged tongue occurs with
mental retardation
hypothyroidism
acromegaly
small tongue occurs with
malnutrition
Oral malignancies are most likely to develop
In the U shaped area under the tongue behind the teeth
yellowing in the aging adult’s teeth occurs due to
dentin visible through worn enamel
The aging adult’s incisors may have vertical cracks due to
A lifetime of exposure to extreme temperatures
leukoedema
benign, milky, bluish-white, opaque area more common in blacks and East Indians, always bilateral
Fordyce granules
small, isolated white or yellow papules on the mucosa of the cheek, tongue, and lips- painless and not significant
leukoplakia
chalky white raised patch, abnormal
White membrane over the tonsils occurs in
mononucleosis, leukemia, diptheria
Fine tremor of the tongue occurs in
hyperthyroidism
coarse tremor of the tongue in
cerebral palsy
alcoholism
foul fetid halitosis
dental or respiratory infection
ammonia halitosis
uremia
musty halitosis
liver disease
Which sinuses can be palpated?
frontal and maxillary
The aging adult’s buccal mucosa looks
thinned and shiny
Health risks of smokeless tobacco include
cancers MI and stroke dental decay hypertension decreased sperm, sterility
Early signs of oral cancer include
sore throat that does not seem to heal smooth, leathery white patch or lump prolonged sore throat or feeling that something is in the throat difficulty chewing restricted movement of the tongue or jaw
