Ears

Question 1

Eustachian tube in infants and young children

Answer 1

shorter, wider, and more horizontal. More susceptible to otitis media infection

Question 2

Increased risk factors for otitis media

Answer 2

1. Absence of breastfeeding in first 3 months of life
2. Exposure to secondhand smoke
3. Daycare attendance
4. Male sex
5. Pacifier use
6. Seasonality- fall and winter
7. Bottle feeding in the supine position

Question 3

otosclerosis

Answer 3

common cause of conductive hearing loss in young adults between 20-40 years.
gradual bone formation that causes stapes to be fixed in the oval window, impeding transmission of sound and causing progressive deafness.

Question 4

What percentage of aging adults have impacted cerumen?

Answer 4

57%

Question 5

presbycusis

Answer 5

Gradual sensorineural hearing loss due to nerve degeneration in the inner ear that slowly progresses after age 50. Present in 60% of those older than 65 years, even in those in quiet environements

Question 6

Otalgia

Answer 6

earache. May be caused by ear disease or referred pain from teeth or oropharynx.

Question 7

Otorrhea

Answer 7

ear discharge

Question 8

purulent sanguineous, or watery otorrhea indicates

Answer 8

external otitis

Question 9

purulent discharge otorrhea indicates

Answer 9

acute OM with perforation

Question 10

dirty yellow/gray otorrhea with a foul odor indicates

Answer 10

cholesteatoma

Question 11

recruitment

Answer 11

marked loss when speech at low intensity, but sound is painful when at high volume.

Question 12

Hearing loss can cause…

Answer 12

Social isolation, decreased quality of life, functional decline, cognitive decline, depression

Question 13

Ototoxic medications

Answer 13

aspirin
amingoglycosies (-mycins)
ethacynic acid
furosemide
indomethacin
naproxen
quinine
vancomycin

Question 14

objective vertigo

Answer 14

feels as if the room is spinning

Question 15

subjective vertigo

Answer 15

feels as if the person is spinning

Question 16

What increases the risk for hearing deficit in children?

Answer 16

meningitis
measles 
mumps
OM
any illness with persistent high fever

Question 17

Otitis media is highest in what ethnic groups?

Answer 17

indigenous children from norte america, australia, new zealand, northern europe

Question 18

The aging adult’s eardrum may appear

Answer 18

whiter in color and more opaque, duller than in the younger adult, thickened