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Health Assessment Final > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

In infants, the abdominal wall is

A

thinner, easier to palpate organs

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2
Q

In infants the kidney

A

takes up more space in the abdomen

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3
Q

The infant’s bladder is

A

higher up in the abdomen

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4
Q

gastrointestinal motility in the pregnant woman is

A

decreased, with a prolonged gastric emptying time

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5
Q

salivation in the aging adult

A

decreases

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6
Q

esophageal emptying in the aging adult

A

is delayed, resulting in an increased risk for aspiration if fed in the supine postion

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7
Q

gastric acid secretion in aging

A

decreases. May cause pernicious anemia by interfering with vitamin b12 absorption, iron deficiency anemia, and malabsorption of calcium

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8
Q

the incidence of gallstones in aging adults

A

increases- occurs in 10-20% of middle age and older adults

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9
Q

Rome III criteria for constipation

A
  1. <3 bowel movements per week
  2. straining
  3. lumpy or hard stool
  4. feeling of incomplete evacuation and anorectal blockage
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10
Q

Common causes of constipation include

A
  1. Decreased physical activity
  2. Low fiber intake
  3. inadequate water intake
  4. side effects of medications
  5. irritable bowel syndrome
  6. bowel obstruction
  7. hypothyroidism
  8. inadequate toilet facilities
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11
Q

Visceral pain

A

dull, general, and poorly localized

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12
Q

Parietal pain

A

inflammatory, sharp, localized, aggravated by movement

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13
Q

What to ask about N/V

A 
How often?
Contents?
Odor?
Fever/Chiils?
Diarrhea?
Pain?
Eating/travel past 24 hours?
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14
Q

What to ask about bowel habits

A 
frequency
color
consistency
diarrhea/constipation
laxative use
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15
Q

What to ask about past abdominal hx

A 
ulcer
GB disease
hepatitis/jaundice
appendicitis
colitis
hernia
surgery
x-rays
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16
Q

overweight child subjective data

A

diet pattern
family’s eating pattern
body image

17
Q

adolescent subjective data

A 
breakfast
eating pattern/habits
exercise pattern
weight loss
body image
menstrual irregularity
18
Q

aging adult subject data abdomen

A
  1. How do you get groceries and make meals?
  2. Do you eat alone or with others?
  3. 7 day diet recall
  4. How often do you have BMS?
  5. Medications (dry mouth)?
19
Q

Contour of the stomach may be

A

flat
scaphoid
protuberant
rounded

20
Q

Sister Mary Joseph nodule

A

hard nodule in umbilicus that occurs with metastatic cancer of stomach, large intestine, ovary, or pancreas

21
Q

umbilicus is enlarged and everted with

A

umbilical hernia

22
Q

Marked pulsation of the aorta occurs with

A

widened pulse pressure- hypertension, aortic insufficiency, thyrotoxicosis, aortic aneurysm

23
Q

marked visible peristalsis with a distended abdomen indicates

A

peristalsis

24
Q

hyperactive bowel sounds

A

loud, high pitched, rushing, tinkling

25
Q

hypoactive bowel sounds

A

follow abdominal surgery or inflammation of the peritoneum

26
Q

Normal bowel sounds occur how often?

A

3-30 times/minute

27
Q

systolic bruit occurs with

A

stenosis or occlusion of an artery

28
Q

What percentage of healthy people normally have a bruit originating from the celiac artery?

A

4-20%

29
Q

Where to auscultate for bruits

A

over aorta, renal, iliac, and femoral arteries

30
Q

CVAT

A

indirect fist percussion over 12th rib at the DVA

31
Q

Light palpation-

A

1st four fingers
gentle rotary motion
slide fingers and skin together
depress 1cm

32
Q

Deep palpation

A

depress 5-8cm

33
Q

In a large or obese abdomen, use

A

bimanual technique for palpation

34
Q

dull note on the anterior axillary near spleen line indicates

A

splenomegaly, as in mononucleosis, malaria, or hepatic cirrhosis

35
Q

involuntary rigidity

A

Constant, boardlike hardness of the muscles that occurs with peritonitis.

36
Q

Thinner abdominal musculature in aging adult may result in

A

Visible peristalsis

Organs easier to palpate, including liver and kidneys

37
Q

The liver in the aging adult is

A

Lower, 1-2cm below costal margin with inhalation

38
Q

In acute abdominal conditions in the aging adult

A

Patient complains of less pain

Abdominal rigidity is less common

Health Assessment Final (5 decks)

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