Nose Flashcards
1
Q
Components of nose
A
- External nose
- Nasal cavity
*divided by septum
2
Q
- has a free tip
- attached to the forehead by the nasal bridge/ root
- two elliptical orifices called the nostrils
- separated from each other by the nasal septum
- lateral margin, the ala nasi - rounded and mobile
A
EXTERNAL NOSE
3
Q
Framework of the external nose
A
- Above
○ Nasal bone
○ Frontal process of the maxillae
○ Nasal part of the frontal bone
- Below ○ Plates or hyaline cartilage ○ Upper nasal cartilages ○ Lower nasal cartilages ○ Septal cartilage
4
Q
Blood supply of the skin of the external nose
A
- Ophthalmic artery
2. Maxillary artery
5
Q
Blood supply of the skin of the ala and the lower part of the septum
A
- Facial artery
6
Q
Nerve supply of the external nose
A
- Infratrochlear and external nasal branches of the ophthalmic nerve
- Infraorbital branch of the maxillary nerve
7
Q
- extends from the nostrils in front to the choanae behind
- divided by the nasal septum into right and left halves.
- each half consist of floor, roof, lateral wall, and medial wall
A
NASAL CAVITY
8
Q
- formed by:
○ palatine process of the maxilla
○ horizontal plate of the palatine bone.
A
FLOOR OF NASAL CAVITY
9
Q
- formed by: ○ body of the sphenoid ○ cribriform plate of the ethmoid ○ frontal bone ○ nasal bone and the nasal cartilages
A
ROOF OF NASAL CAVITY
10
Q
- located on the roof of the nasal cavity
- contains cells/receptors which are in contact with the olfactory bulb and nerve to provide sense of smell
- 5% of nasal cavity area
A
OLFACTORY MEMBRANE
11
Q
- has three projections:
○ Superior conchae
○ Middle conchae
○ Inferior conchae
A
LATERAL WALL OF NASAL CAVITY
12
Q
- small area of the nose that lies above the superior concha and in front of the body of the sphenoid bone
- receives the opening of the sphenoidal air sinus
A
SPHENOETHMOIDAL RECESS
13
Q
- the area below each conchae
- has superior, middle, and inferior
A
MEATUS
14
Q
- lies below and lateral to the superior concha
- receives the openings of the posterior ethmoidal sinuses.
A
SUPERIOR MEATUS
15
Q
- lies below and lateral to the inferior concha
- receives the opening of the nasolacrimal duct
A
INFERIOR MEATUS
17
Q
- lies below and lateral to the middle concha
A
MIDDLE MEATUS
18
Q
- a curved cleft
- lies immediately below the bulla
- leads to the opening of the maxillary sinus into the middle
A
HIATUS SEMILURANIS
19
Q
- an osteocartilaginous partition
- composed of:
○ upper part – formed by vertical plate of the ethmoid
○ posterior part – formed by the vomer.
○ anterior portion – formed by the septal cartilage
A
MEDIAL WALL OF NASAL CAVITY OR NASAL SEPTUM
20
Q
- lines the nasal cavity except the vestibules which is lined by modified skin
- two types:
○ olfactory
○ respiratory
A
MUCOUS MEMBRANE
21
Q
- lines the upper surface of the superior concha and the spheno-ethmoidal recess.
- also lines a corresponding area on the nasal septum and lines the roof.
- serves as the reception of olfactory stimuli
A
OLFACTORY MUCOUS MEMBRANE
22
Q
- lines the lower part of the nasal cavity
- to warm, moisten, and clean the inspired ai
A
RESPIRATORY MUCOUS MEMBRANE
23
Q
Nerve supply of the nasal cavity
A
- Olfactory nerves
- Ophthalmic and maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
- Anterior ethmoidal nerve
- Nasal, nasopalatine, and palatine branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion
24
Q
- arise from the special olfactory
cells in the olfactory mucous membrane - ascend through the cribriform plate to reach the olfactory bulbs
A
OLFACTORY NERVE
25
Q
- nerves of ordinary sensation
A
OPHTHALMIC AND MAXILLARY DIVISION OF TRIGEMINAL NERVE
26
- nerve supply to the anterior part of the nasal cavity
ANTERIOR ETHMOIDAL NERVE
27
- nerve supply to the posterior part of the nasal cavity
NASAL, NASOPALATINE, AND PALATINE BRANCHES OF THE PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLION
28
Blood supply of the nasal cavity
1. Sphenopalatine artery
* the veins form a rich plexus in the
submucosa.
* the plexus is drained by veins that accompany the arteries
29
- derived mainly from branches of the maxillary artery
- most important branch
- common site of bleeding from the nose (epistaxis)
SPHENOPALATINE ARTERY
30
- cavities found in the interior of the maxilla, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones
- communicate with the nasal cavity through relatively small apertures
- acts as resonators to the voice
- resonators the weight of the skull
PARANASAL SINUSES
31
- located within the body of the maxilla
- pyramidal in shape
- roof is formed by the
floor of the orbit
- floor is formed by the alveolar process
MAXILLARY SINUS
32
- two in number
- are contained within the frontal bone
- separated from each other by a bony septum
- roughly triangular triangular
- mucous membrane is supplied by the supraorbital nerve
FRONTAL SINUSES
33
- two in number
- lies within the body of the
sphenoid bone
- each sinus opens into the sphenoethmoidal recess above the superior concha
- mucous membrane is supplied by the posterior ethmoidal nerves
SPHENOIDAL SINUSES
34
- contained within the ethmoid bone
- between the nose and the orbit
- seperated by a thin plate of bone
- divided into three groups:
○ anterior – opens in the infundibulum
○ middle – opens into the middle meatus
○ posterior – opens in the superior meatus
ETHMOIDAL SINUSES
35
- funnel shaped channel
| - connected to the frontal sinus and anterior ethmoidal sinuses
INFUNDIBULUM
