Normal values

Question 1

normal Na

Answer 1

135-145 mM

Question 2

normal Cl

Answer 2

100-108 mM

Question 3

normal K

Answer 3

3.5-5.0 mM

Question 4

normal HCO3

Answer 4

22-26 mM

Question 5

normal Ca

Answer 5

2.1-2.62 mM

Question 6

normal Hb

Answer 6

12-18 g per dL (per 100 mL)

Question 7

normal WBC

Answer 7

4.5-11.0 x 10E9 per L

Question 8

normal platelets

Answer 8

150-350 x 10E9 per L

Question 9

normal pH

Answer 9

7.4

Question 10

normal PaO2

Answer 10

100 mmHg

Question 11

normal PaCO2

Answer 11

40 mmHg

Question 12

normal HCO3

Answer 12

24 mM

Question 13

normal male creatinine

Answer 13

71-106 microM

Question 14

normal female creatinine

Answer 14

40-90 microM

Question 15

normal fasting glucose

Answer 15

3.8-6.1 mM

Question 16

normal random glucose

Answer 16

3.9-11 mM

Question 17

normal (serum) urea

Answer 17

2.9-8.9 mM

Question 18

normal serum osmolality

Answer 18

275-296 mOsm per kg of water

Question 19

normal serum albumin

Answer 19

40 g per L

Question 20

normal PTH

Answer 20

1.2-5.8 pM

Question 21

normal male crcl

Answer 21

107-139 ml per min

Question 22

normal female crcl

Answer 22

87-107 ml per min

Question 23

(dipstick) normal urine protein (24hrs)

Answer 23

0.2g per 24 hrs

Question 24

(dipstick) normal urine albumin to Cr ratio

Answer 24

2-2.7 mg per mmol

Question 25

(dipstick) normal urine glucose

Answer 25

negative

Question 26

(dipstick) normal urine protein

Answer 26

negative

Question 27

(dipstick) normal urine ketones

Answer 27

negative

Question 28

(dipstick) normal urine blood

Answer 28

negative

Question 29

(dipstick) normal urine nitrites

Answer 29

negative

Question 30

metabolic acidosis: primary change and exact compensatory response

Answer 30

drop in bicarb.

1.2 mmHg decrease in CO2 for 1 mM fall in bicarb

Question 31

metabolic alkalosis: primary change and exact compensatory response

Answer 31

high bicarb.

0.7 mmHg elevation in CO2 for 1 mM elevation in bicarb

Question 32

acute respiratory acidosis: primary change and exact compensatory response

Answer 32

high PCO2. 0.1 mM increase in bicarb for 1 mmHg increase in PCO2

Question 33

chronic resp acidosis: primary change and exact compensatory response

Answer 33

high PCO2. 0.35 mM increase in bicarb for 1 mmHg increase in PCO2

Question 34

acute resp alkalosis: primary change and exact compensatory response

Answer 34

low PCO2. 0.2 mM drop in bicarb for 1 mmHg drop in PCO2

Question 35

chronic resp alkalosis: primary change and exact compensatory response

Answer 35

low PCO2. 0.4 mM drop in bicarb for 1 mmHg drop in PCO2