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AUBF 1 Microscopic (FINALS) > Normal Urinary Crystals/Abnormal Urinary Crystals > Flashcards

Normal Urinary Crystals/Abnormal Urinary Crystals Flashcards

1
Q

Fill in the Blanks na lang, alam nyo na yan, pagod nako mga bakla

Uric Acid
Urine pH:
Appearance:

A

Uric Acid
Urine pH: Acid
Appearance: Rhombic, Four-sided flat plates (whetstones), wedges, rosettes

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2
Q

distinguishing feature from cystine crystals

A

Highly birefringent

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3
Q

UA is Significantly increased in:

A

Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

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4
Q

Amorphous urates
Urine pH:
Appearance:
Refrigerated:

A

Amorphous urates
Urine pH: Acid
Appearance: Yellow-brown granules
Refrigerated: pink sediment

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5
Q

Amorphous Phosphates
Urine pH:
Appearance:
Refrigeration:

A

Amorphous Phosphates
Urine pH: Alkaline
Appearance: Similar to amorphous urates
Refrigeration: White sediment

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6
Q

Calcium oxalate
Urine pH:

A

Calcium oxalate
Urine pH: Acid/Neutral/Alkaline

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7
Q

type of Calcium oxalate that is (most common form)- colorless, octahedral envelope, or as two pyramids joined at their base

A

Dihydrate

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8
Q

(Ethylene Glycol “Antifreeze” Poisoning)

A

Monohydrate

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9
Q

type of Calcium oxalate that is oval or dumbbell shaped

A

Monohydrate

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10
Q

Majority of renal calculi is composed of___

A

Calcium oxalate

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11
Q

Calcium Phosphate
Urine pH:
Appearance:

A

Calcium Phosphate
Urine pH: Alkaline
Appearance: Colorless, flat rectangular plates, thin prisms in rosette form

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12
Q

Calcium Phosphate Confused with:

A

Sulfonamide crystals (when urine pH is in
neutral range)

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13
Q

to Distinguished Calcium Phosphate to Sulfonamide crystals is by:

A

addition of DILUTE ACETIC ACID

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14
Q

dissolves in DILUTE ACETIC ACID:

A

Calcium phosphate

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15
Q

do not dissolved in DILUTE ACETIC ACID:

A

Sulfonamide crystals

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16
Q

Triple Phosphate Urine
pH:
Appearance:

A

Triple Phosphate Urine
pH: Alkaline
Appearance: Prism shape, resembles COFFIN-LID

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17
Q

Triple Phosphate is also called____

A

“Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate”

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18
Q

Ammonium Biurate
Urine pH:
Appearance:

A

Ammonium Biurate
Urine pH: Acid
Appearance: THORNY APPLES – spicule covered spheres, brown in color

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19
Q

when Ammonium Biurate was Dissolves at 60degC and added glacial acetic acid it can convert into _____

A

uric acid crystal

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20
Q

Ammonium Biurate is Most often encountered in:

A

Old specimen (associated with ammonia produced by urea-spitting bacteria

21
Q

Calcium Carbonate
Urine pH:
Appearance:

A

Calcium Carbonate
Urine pH: Alkaline
Appearance: Small, colorless, DUMBBELL of spherical shapes

22
Q

Calcium Carbonate Resemble:_____

A

Amorphous material

23
Q

to Distinguished Calcium Carbonate to Amorphous material is by:

A

addition of acetic acid (formation of gas)

24
Q

Most often found in ACIDIC URINE or rarely in NEUTRAL URINE

A

Abnormal Urinary Crystals

25
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Colorless, hexagonal plates (Thick or thin)

A

Cystine

26
Q

Metabolic disorder that prevents reabsorption of cysteine by renal tubules → renal calculi

A

Cystinuria

27
Q

Cystine is Distinguished from:

A

uric Acid crystal (Highly Birefringent)

28
Q

Confirmation test for Cystine

A

Cyanide-Nitroprusside Test

29
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Rectangular Plates with notch on one or more corners

A

Cholesterol

30
Q

Cholesterol is Can be seen in:_____

A

Nephrotic syndrome in conjunction with fatty casts and oval fat bodies

31
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Colorless flat plates

A

Radiographic dye

32
Q

similar to cholesterol crystal

A

Radiographic dye

33
Q

SG level for Radiographic dye

A

Markedly elevated

34
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Colorless to yellow-brown, needles, rhombics, whetstones, “SHEAVES of WHEAT” and rosettes

A

Sulfonamides

35
Q

Can be seen on patient with inadequate hydration

A

Sulfonamides

36
Q

sulfonamide crystallization

A

Sulfonamides

37
Q

Sulfonamides can Distinguished from:

A

calcium phosphate

38
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Colorless needles

A

Ampicillin

39
Q

(tend to form bundles following refrigeration)

A

Ampicillin

40
Q

indicates of Precipitation of antibiotics following massive dosage of this penicillin compound without adequate hydration

A

Ampicillin

41
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Yellow brown spheres

A

Leucine

42
Q

(concentric circles with radial striations)

A

Leucine

43
Q

Leucine is resembles of _______

A

pollen grains

44
Q

Leucine Should be accompanied by:

A

tyrosine crystals

45
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Fine, colorless to yellow needles (in clumps or rosettes)

A

Tyrosine

46
Q

Tyrosine can Seen in conjunction with:

A

Leucine crystals and (+) chemical test for Bilirubin

47
Q

abnormal urinary crystals that appeared as Yellow, clump needles or granules (+) Bilirubin in urine

A

Bilirubin

48
Q

Bilirubin is associated with Leucine and tyrosine indication for____ ______

A

liver disorder

AUBF 1 Microscopic (FINALS) (5 decks)

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