Normal Gait Cycle Mechanics Flashcards
position of hip on initial contact
30° flex
position of hip on loading response
extends from 30° flex to 5° flex
position of hip in mid-stance
5° flex to neutral or 0° flex/ext
position of hip in terminal stance
10° ext
position of hip in pre-swing
neutral
position of hip in initial swing
20° flex
position of hip in mid swing
30° flex
position of hip in terminal swing
30° flex
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position on initial contact
concentric/isometric:
- glut max
- hamstring
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position in loading response
concentric:
- glut max
- hamstrings
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position in mid stance
eccentric:
- glut med and TFL to control drop of contralateral pelvis
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position in terminal stance
low level glut max firing
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position in pre-swing
concentric:
- iliopsoas
- rectus fem
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position in initial swing
concentric: (brief)
- iliopsoas
- rectus fem
- TFL
- sartorius
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position in mid swing
eccentric at end:
- hamstring
- glut max
what are ms are active when in controlling hip position in terminal swing
eccentric:
- hamstring
- glut max
(limits hip flex and decelerates the limb)
position of knee in initial contact
full ext
position of knee in loading response
15° flex
position of knee in mid-stance
full ext
position of knee in terminal stance
full ext
position of knee in pre-swing
35° flex
position of knee in initial swing
60° flex
position of knee in mid swing
ext to 30° flex
position of knee in terminal swing
ext to 0° or full ext
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in initial contact
eccentric
- quads
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in loading response
eccentric:
- quads (limits flex moment)
concentric:
- hamstrings
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in mid-stance
concentric
- quad (early to initiate ext)
eccentric
- hamstring
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in terminal stance
concentric:
- quads (low level)
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in pre-swing
concentric:
- gastroc
- hamstrings
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in initial swing
concentric (brief)
- TFL
- sartorius
- rectus fem
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in mid swing
eccentric (low level)
- hamstring (control knee ext)
what are ms are active when in controlling knee position in terminal swing
eccentric:
- hamstring (control knee ext)
position of ankle in initial contact
neutral (0° DF) at heel strike
position of ankle in loading response
15 -> 5° PF
position of ankle in mid stance
5 - 10° DF
position of ankle in terminal stance
neutral at heel off just prior to contralateral leg’s initial contract
position of ankle in pre-swing
15 - 20° PF
position of ankle in initial swing
DF to 5-10° of PF
position of ankle in mid swing
neutral (0° DF)
position of ankle in terminal swing
neutral (0° DF)
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in initial contact
eccentric:
- pre-tibials
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in loading response
eccentric pre tibs -> eccentric PFs
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in mid-stance
eccentric
- PFs (control forward motion of tibia over foot
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in terminal stance
concentric (in late terminal)
- PFs
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in pre-swing
concentric PF firing weakens and then is silent
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in initial swing
concentric (low level)
- pre-tibials
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in mid swing
concentric (low level)
- pretibials
what are ms are active when in controlling ankle position in terminal swing
concentric (low level)
- pretibials
position of pelvis in initial contact
5° forward rotation (transverse plane)
position of pelvis in loading response
5° forward rotation (transverse plane)
position of pelvis in mid stance
neutral rotation
5cm lat movement and elevation
position of pelvis in terminal stance
5° posterior rotation (transverse plane)
position of pelvis in pre-swing
neutral rotation
position of pelvis in initial swing
starts to rotate forward
- 5° of depression
position of pelvis in mid swing
forward rotation
position of pelvis in terminal swing
5° forward rotation