Normal Flora Flashcards
What is normal flora
it is used to describe the various bacteria and fungi that are permanent resident of certain body sites likes skin, oropharynx, colon and vagina.
What are the two microorganism not considered in the normal flora?
Viruses and parasites.
What are the microorganism that the host has
commensal
What are microorganism of the normal flora not considered
carriers and colonization
What are the roles of the normal flora
they can cause disease in compromised and debilitated individuals. They can do this through being pathogenic in other parts of the body.
They are a protective force in the host. They do this through colonization resistance where they limit the growth of pathogens.
they serve a nutritional function.
What are Virulence Determinants
properties that enable the micro organism to establish within a host and enhance it potential to cause disease. Both opportunistic and primary pathogens posses them. it is a quantitative measure of pathogeneitcity and is measure by the number of organisms requried to cause disease.
What are the factors that go into pathogenicitiy
Transmissibility- or communicability from one host or reservoir to a fresh host
Infectivity or the ability to breach the new host’s defenses
Virulence or the capacity of pathogen to harm the host. happens with the overpowering of the organism to the host.
What is colonization
normal flora that engage in mutual or commensal association indigenous flora. it tends to happen as an individual colony
What are the types of bacterial pathogens
Opportunistic and primary
What is opportunistic pathogens
pathogens that rarely cause disease in individuals with intact immunological and anatomical defenses. when the defenses are impaired, it causes diseases. ex. of opportunitistic: Staphylococci and E.coli An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, or protozoan pathogens that take advantage of a host with a weakened immune system or an altered microbiota (such as a disrupted gu
What is the primary pathogens
capable of establish infection and causing disease in previously healthy individual. cause disease as a result of their presence or activity within the normal, healthy host, and their intrinsic virulence (the severity of the disease they cause) is, in part, a necessary consequence of their need to reproduce and spread
What are the factors that cause disease
Virulence factors
Exoenzymes
Toxigenicity
Antiphagocytic factors
What is pathogenicity
the capacity to initiate disease
What is the first defense for the host
it comes from phagocytes
What is antiphagocytic
factors that stop bacteria from going through capsule
