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Question 1

The following are opportunistic coliforms

E.coli
Klebsiella species
Hafnia species
Proteus species

a if all are correct
b if 1,3 & 4 are correct
c if only 4 is correct
d if 2, 3 & 4 are correct
e if you don’t know

Answer 1

a

Question 2

Salmonella species

adhere to the epithelial lining of the ileum
produce an endotoxin
produce one enterotoxin
do not produce a cytotoxin

a if 1 &2 are correct
b if all are correct
c if 2, 3 and 4 are correct
d if 2 & 3 are correct
e if you don’t know

Answer 2

a

Question 3

Entamoeba histolytica.

is a commensal organism.
causes mild self-limiting disease.
causes severe disease in 48 million people worldwide.
may invade soft tissue sites including liver & brain.

a if only 1 is correct
b if 1 & 2 are correct
c if all are correct
d if 3 & 4 are correct
e if you don’t know

Answer 3

e

Question 4

Pasteurella multocida

is a Gram negative oxidase positive bacillus
is associated with animal bites
may cause rapidly progressing cellulitis & septicaemia
is resistance to penicillin

a if  if 1,3 & 4 are correct
b if all are correct
c if  1 & 3 are correct
d if 2, 3 & 4 are correct
e if you don’t know

Answer 4

a

Question 5

Ascaris lumbricoides.

Is a cestode worm.
Is an intestinal flagellate.
Is a nematode worm.
Is a tapeworm.

a if only 2. is correct.
b if only 1. & 4. are correct.
c if only 3. is correct.
d if only 4 is correct.
e if you don’t know

Answer 5

c

Question 6

Staphylococcus aureus defends against phagocytosis with

Protein A
Bound coagulase on surface
Slime/capsules
Fimbriae

a if 3 and 4 are correct
b if all are correct
c if 1, 2 and 3 are correct
d if 1 and 2 are correct
e if you don’t know

Answer 6

c

Question 7

Staphylococci are:

1. Gram negative cocci & catalase positive
2. Gram positive cocci & catalase positive
3. Gram negative bacilli & catalase positive
4. Gram positive bacilli & catalase negative

Answer 7

2

Question 8

Oxygen:
which are correct

1. Is essential for anaerobic growth
2. Poisons obligate anaerobes
3. Is the final electron acceptor in electron transport chain
4. Is a bi-product of hydrogen peroxide breakdown

Answer 8

2, 3 and 4

Question 9

Carriage of the following organisms in the mother can be transmitted transplacentally and cause foetal damage

1. Listeria monocytogenes
2. Streptococcus agalactiae
3. Staphylococcus aureus
4. Clostridium perfringens

Answer 9

1 and 2

Question 10

Enterohemorrhagic E.coli:

1. has numerous O, H & K antigens
2. carries the O157 antigen
3. carries a bacteriophage mediated toxin
4. causes diarrhoea

Answer 10

all correct

Question 11

The different haemolytic effects of the streptococci are known as

1. alpha
2. beta
3. gamma
4. epsilon

Answer 11

1, 2, 3

Question 12

Scarlet fever

1. may accompany streptococcal infection of throat
2. may be caused by all strains of Streptococcus pyogenes
3. is now rarely seen in the UK
4. diagnosis may be confirmed by serological tests for antistreptolysin 0.

Answer 12

2. not all

1, 4 correct

Question 13

Bacteria commonly causing infection in burns include

1. Streptococcus pyogenes
2. Staphylococcus aureus
3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4. Bacteroides fragilis

Answer 13

1, 2

Question 14

Common risk factors of acquiring an infection include

1. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2. extremes of age
3. recent antibiotic therapy
4. diabetes

Answer 14

1, 2, 3 and 4

Question 15

Acute and convalescent sera are required to make a definitive serological diagnosis of infection because

1. non-specific antibodies may be present in the first serum
2. high levels of antibody may be demonstrated in both sera
3. a four fold rising antibody titre is significant
4. one serum may contain an antibiotic

Answer 15

3

Question 16

Streptococcus pneumoniae

1. are resistant to Optochin
2. un encapsulated strains are avirulent
3. are part of the normal flora of the pharynx in 75% of the population
4. can cause otitis media.

Answer 16

2, 3 4