Non-Surgical Management Of Periodontal Disease

Question 1

What are some genetic risk factors for periodontal disease?

Answer 1

Host immuno-inflammatory response, connective tissue and bone metabolism

Question 2

What is the bass method of tooth brushing?

Answer 2

Place the toothbrush at a 45 degree angle to your gum line, brush each tooth using a gentle circular motion, brush down the tooth, away from the gum line

Question 3

What kind of mouthwash can be used to help treat periodontal disease?

Answer 3

Chlorhexidine mouthwash, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate, 10ml rinse (20mg)

Question 4

What can be used to detect sub-gingival calculus?

Answer 4

WHO periodontal probe

Question 5

Name two methods of mechanical root surface debridement.

Answer 5

Ultrasonic scalers, sonic scalers

Question 6

Name two methods of hand instrumentation used for root surface debridement.

Answer 6

Site-specific curettes, hoes

Question 7

What are the principles of ultrasonic instrumentation?

Answer 7

Mechanical energy, irrigation, cavitation, acoustic microstreaming

Question 8

What is the cavitation principle of ultrasonic instrumentation?

Answer 8

Bubbles, collapse inward, releasing energy this enhances biofilm removal which causes the potential to disrupt bacterial cells walls

Question 9

What is the acoustic microstreaming principle of ultrasonic instrumentation?

Answer 9

Forceful flow of cavitating fluid, which enhances effectiveness behind surface actually touched by the tip of the scaler

Question 10

What are two types of ultrasonic scalers?

Answer 10

Piezo-electric and magnetostrictive

Question 11

How does the piezo-electric ultrasonic scaler work?

Answer 11

Vibrations caused by oscillations of quartz crystals in the hand piece, linear movements of tip

Question 12

How does the magnetostrictive ultrasonic scaler work?

Answer 12

Magnetic energy converted to mechanical energy to create vibrations, elliptical movements of the tip

Question 13

What is the best method of practice for ultrasonic scaling?

Answer 13

Adapt surface which best conforms, 0-15 degrees to tooth, fulcrum to stabilise, insertion at gingival margin, exploring pressure, keep tip in motion, bidirectional stroke

Question 14

Ultrasonic scaling produces an aerosol so what methods need to be put in place?

Answer 14

High speed suction and personal protective equipment

Question 15

What are some advantages of ultrasonic scaling?

Answer 15

Irrigation with water which helps to clear the field of debris and blood, allows quick removal of gross deposits, less tiring for the operator, can be used to remove overhanging margins on amalgam restorations

Question 16

What are some disadvantages of ultrasonic scalers?

Answer 16

Generate significant heat and require continual water coolant, generate contaminated aerosols, water/aerosol can obscure vision, can damage teeth and restorations if used appropriately, can cause the patient sensitivity during and after procedure

Question 17

What are some advantages of hand scaling?

Answer 17

Hand instruments allows the operator tactile sensitivity, no aerosol is generated, may provide better access to some areas especially deeper sites, less sensitivity and discomfort to the patient

Question 18

What are some disadvantages of hand scalers?

Answer 18

Can cause more operator fatigue, more time consuming, more difficult to use

Question 19

What are the 5 A’s of smoking cessation?

Answer 19

Ask
Assess
Advise
Assist
Arrange

Question 20

What does successful NSPT depend on?

Answer 20

High standard of plaque control, smoking cessation, good quality root surface debridement, good quality restorative treatment