Classification And Clinical Feaures Of Periodontal Disease Flashcards
What are the three classifications of periodontal disease?
Necrotising periodontal disease, periodontitis, periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease
What is supragingival calculus?
Attached to tooth- usually lingual surfaces of lower anterior teeth and buccal surfaces of upper 1st molars
What is subgingival calculus?
Attached to root surfaces
What are the clinical features of supragingival calculus?
Creamy-yellow, fairly hard, brittle, easily removed from tooth, visible
What are the clinical features of subgingival plaque?
Brown/black, very hard, tenacious, detected by gentle probing/radiograph
What are the 5 things needed to diagnose periodontal disease
Pattern, stage, grade, stability, risk factor profile
What are the 3 patterns of periodontitis?
Localised, generalised, molar-incisor distribution
What does a localised pattern of periodontitis mean?
Less than 30% of teeth involved
What does a generalised pattern of periodontitis mean?
More than or equal to 30% of teeth involved
What does a molar-incisor pattern of periodontitis mean?
Only involving molar and incisor teeth
How is the staging of periodontitis confirmed in the BSP modification?
Assessment of the radiographic bone loss
What does stage I periodontitis mean?
Early/mild bone loss, the bone loss is <15% or <2mm
What does stage II periodontitis mean?
Moderate bone loss, the bone loss has reached the coronal third of the root
What does stage III periodontitis mean?
Severe bone loss, the bone loss has reached the mid third of the root
What does stage IV periodontitis mean?
Very severe bone loss, the bone loss has reached the apical third of the root
How is staging decided in the full 2017 classification?
Assessment of greatest site of clinical attachment loss, assessment of radiographic bone loss, assessment of tooth loss due to periodontitis, maximum pocket depth, furcation involvement, occlusal trauma
How is the grading of periodontal disease decided in the 2017 classification?
Assessment of bone and attachment loss over a 5 year period, ratio of % bone loss to age, relationship between biofilm and level of destruction, levels of smoking, blood glucose status
How is the grading of periodontal disease decided in the BSP modification?
Ratio of % bone loss to age
What does a grade A mean in periodontitis?
<0.5, the maximum bone loss is less than half the patient’s age, slow bone loss
What does grade B mean in periodontitis?
0.5-1.0, moderate bone loss
What does grade C mean in periodontitis?
> 1.0, the maximum bone loss is greater than the patient’s age, rapid bone loss
What does a disease status of currently stable mean?
BoP <10% of sites, PPD less than or equal to 4mm, no BoP at 4mm sites
What does a disease status of currently in remission mean?
BoP at more than 10% of sites, PPD less than or equal to 4mm, no BoP at 4mm sites
What does a disease status of currently unstable mean?
PPD greater than or equal to 5mm or PPD greater than or equal to 4mm with BoP
What are common risk factors for periodontitis?
Smoking, poorly-controlled diabetes, family history, poor plaque control, subgingival deposits of calculus, local factors- mouth breathing, crowding
What factors are needed to determine a diagnosis?
Condition- gingivitis or periodontitis
Distribution- localised, generalised or molar/incisor pattern
Classification- stage I, II, III or IV, and grade A, B or C
Stability- stable, in remission, unstable
Risk factor profile
