Classification And Clinical Feaures Of Periodontal Disease

Question 1

What are the three classifications of periodontal disease?

Answer 1

Necrotising periodontal disease, periodontitis, periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease

Question 2

What is supragingival calculus?

Answer 2

Attached to tooth- usually lingual surfaces of lower anterior teeth and buccal surfaces of upper 1st molars

Question 3

What is subgingival calculus?

Answer 3

Attached to root surfaces

Question 4

What are the clinical features of supragingival calculus?

Answer 4

Creamy-yellow, fairly hard, brittle, easily removed from tooth, visible

Question 5

What are the clinical features of subgingival plaque?

Answer 5

Brown/black, very hard, tenacious, detected by gentle probing/radiograph

Question 6

What are the 5 things needed to diagnose periodontal disease

Answer 6

Pattern, stage, grade, stability, risk factor profile

Question 7

What are the 3 patterns of periodontitis?

Answer 7

Localised, generalised, molar-incisor distribution

Question 8

What does a localised pattern of periodontitis mean?

Answer 8

Less than 30% of teeth involved

Question 9

What does a generalised pattern of periodontitis mean?

Answer 9

More than or equal to 30% of teeth involved

Question 10

What does a molar-incisor pattern of periodontitis mean?

Answer 10

Only involving molar and incisor teeth

Question 11

How is the staging of periodontitis confirmed in the BSP modification?

Answer 11

Assessment of the radiographic bone loss

Question 12

What does stage I periodontitis mean?

Answer 12

Early/mild bone loss, the bone loss is <15% or <2mm

Question 13

What does stage II periodontitis mean?

Answer 13

Moderate bone loss, the bone loss has reached the coronal third of the root

Question 14

What does stage III periodontitis mean?

Answer 14

Severe bone loss, the bone loss has reached the mid third of the root

Question 15

What does stage IV periodontitis mean?

Answer 15

Very severe bone loss, the bone loss has reached the apical third of the root

Question 16

How is staging decided in the full 2017 classification?

Answer 16

Assessment of greatest site of clinical attachment loss, assessment of radiographic bone loss, assessment of tooth loss due to periodontitis, maximum pocket depth, furcation involvement, occlusal trauma

Question 17

How is the grading of periodontal disease decided in the 2017 classification?

Answer 17

Assessment of bone and attachment loss over a 5 year period, ratio of % bone loss to age, relationship between biofilm and level of destruction, levels of smoking, blood glucose status

Question 18

How is the grading of periodontal disease decided in the BSP modification?

Answer 18

Ratio of % bone loss to age

Question 19

What does a grade A mean in periodontitis?

Answer 19

<0.5, the maximum bone loss is less than half the patient’s age, slow bone loss

Question 20

What does grade B mean in periodontitis?

Answer 20

0.5-1.0, moderate bone loss

Question 21

What does grade C mean in periodontitis?

Answer 21

> 1.0, the maximum bone loss is greater than the patient’s age, rapid bone loss

Question 22

What does a disease status of currently stable mean?

Answer 22

BoP <10% of sites, PPD less than or equal to 4mm, no BoP at 4mm sites

Question 23

What does a disease status of currently in remission mean?

Answer 23

BoP at more than 10% of sites, PPD less than or equal to 4mm, no BoP at 4mm sites

Question 24

What does a disease status of currently unstable mean?

Answer 24

PPD greater than or equal to 5mm or PPD greater than or equal to 4mm with BoP

Question 25

What are common risk factors for periodontitis?

Answer 25

Smoking, poorly-controlled diabetes, family history, poor plaque control, subgingival deposits of calculus, local factors- mouth breathing, crowding

Question 26

What factors are needed to determine a diagnosis?

Answer 26

Condition- gingivitis or periodontitis
Distribution- localised, generalised or molar/incisor pattern
Classification- stage I, II, III or IV, and grade A, B or C
Stability- stable, in remission, unstable
Risk factor profile