Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

YR1 LARGE ANIMAL > Non-Ruminant Digestive System > Flashcards

Non-Ruminant Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is non-ruminant digestion?

A

When food is broken down by chemical enzymes

Pigs and Horses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What forms the hard palate and what is it covered in?

A

The hard palate os formed by horizontal elects of the incisive, maxillary and palatine bones

It is covered by thick mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the soft palate compromised of?

A

The soft palate of compromised of muscle and mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the structure of the tongue?

A

The tongue is a muscle which is covered with mucous membrane and is very mobile

It consists of 3 parts - the apex, body and root

The tongue is covered in papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are taste buds found?

A
  • tongue
  • epiglottis
  • pharynx
  • soft palate
  • larynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of saliva?

A

Saliva produces enzymes to aid in food breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the structure of the pharynx?

A
  • caudal to oral and nasal cavity
  • has a mucous membrane lining and is muscular
  • divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the pharynx?

A

The muscles on the walls are responsible for dividing food and air to the oesophagus and trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the structure of the oesophagus?

A
  • muscular tube, lined with mucous membrane and is folded
  • runs from pharynx, dorsal to the trachea
  • it enters the thorax, continues between the trachea and the aorta through the oesophageal hiatus into the abdominal cavity where it joins the stomach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the structure of the stomach?

A
  • simple stomach
  • 1 compartment
  • 4 sections (cardia, fundus, body, pylorus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A

Food is digested by enzymes and hydrochloric acid before entering intestines for absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the structure of the cardia?

A
  • the walls of the cardia are thickened and form the cardiac sphincter
  • located nearest to the heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the structure of the fundus?

A
  • large bulge near to the cardia
  • enlarged in the horse to form a blind sac, which is called the saccus cecus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the body of the stomach?

A

The expansive part of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the pylorus of the stomach?

A
  • bound by the pyloric sphincter
  • it regulates the outflow of the stomach
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What makes up the small intestine?

A

Duodenum

Jejunum

Ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the duodenum of the SI?

A
  • starts the the pylorus of the stomach
  • ducts from pancreas and liver open into the duodenum
18
Q

What is the jejunum of the SI?

A

The longest part of the small intestine

19
Q

What is the ileum of the small intestine?

A
  • the short final part
  • mucous epithelium features lots of goblet cells and lymph nodules called the peyers patches
20
Q

What makes up the large intestine?

A

Caecum

Colon

Rectum

Anal canal

21
Q

What is the caecum of the LI?

A

The blind ending sac

22
Q

Describe the 3 parts of the colon?

A

Ascending

Transverse = runs from right to left side of abdomen

Descending = relatively straight and runs on left of the abdomen to the pelvic cavity where it ends at the rectum

23
Q

Pig - Describe their caecum?

A
  • it is a moderately large sac
  • it lies to the left of the midline
24
Q

Pig - Describe their ascending colon?

A
  • it is a spinal arrangements of coils, which are arranged in a cone shape
25
Q

Pigs - Describe their transverse and descending colon, and their rectum?

A
  • it runs from a spiral loop and crosses to the left of the abdomen
  • it becomes the descending colon and then onto the rectum
26
Q

Horse - Describe their large intestine?

A

They have a large and complex large intestine

27
Q

Horse - Do they have a rumen?

A

No

28
Q

Horse - Where does fermentation take place?

A

Fermentation takes place in the caecum

29
Q

Horse - Describe their caecum?

A
  • it is a comma shaped structure that extends from the pelvic inlet to the floor of the abdominal cavity
  • it is the primary site of fermentation
30
Q

Horse - Describe their ascending colon?

A
  • highly modified and large, divided into may sections
  • first part is horseshoe shaped
  • final part is called the right dorsal colon which becomes transverse colon as it crosses the midline back to the left of the abdomen
31
Q

Horse - Describe their descending colon?

A
  • continuous with transverse colon
  • large diameter than the small intestine
  • ends in the pelvic cavity as the rectum
32
Q

What are the 4 accessory digestive organs?

A
  • salivary glands
  • parotid
  • mandibular
  • sublingual
33
Q

What are the salivary glands?

A

Their are 3 main pairs

34
Q

What is the structure of the parotid?

A
  • it is ventral to the ear, and caudal to the bottom of the mandible
  • ducts open near the 3rd/4th maxillary teeth
35
Q

What is the structure of the mandibular?

A
  • it is ventral to the parotid gland
  • the ducts open under the tongue
36
Q

What is the structure of the sublingual?

A
  • it is ventral side, lateral surface of the tongue
37
Q

What is the pancreas?

A
  • it is a compound gland
  • it has endocrine and exocrine parts
38
Q

What is the function of the exocrine part of the pancreas?

A
  • it produces sodium bicarbonate and digestive enzymes
  • it empties into the duodenum
39
Q

What is the function of the endocrine part of the pancreas?

A
  • it produces glucagon and insulin which regular blood sugar levels
40
Q

Where is the liver located?

A
  • it is located immediately caudal to the diaphragm, usually on the right side of the
41
Q

What are the 2 blood supplies for the liver?

A

Hepatic artery = supplies oxygen and nutrients

Portal vein = blood from the stomach, spleen, pancreas and intestines

42
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A
  • storage of bile produced by the liver
  • no gallbladder in the horse

YR1 LARGE ANIMAL (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions