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MLSCI 360 > Non-Protein Nitrogenous Biomarkers > Flashcards

Non-Protein Nitrogenous Biomarkers Flashcards

1
Q

Reference range for ammonia

A

<35 umol/L
Crit = >199 umol/L

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2
Q

Methodology for ammonia

A

Glutamate dehydrogenase method

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3
Q

sources of interference for ammonia

A

delay in transport
transport temperature
hemolysis
cigarette smoke
ethanol
prolonged venous occlusion/fist clenching
ammonium heparin tubes

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4
Q

Causes for increased ammonia

A

Liver and kidney disease

Reye’s Syndrome associated with aspirin

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5
Q

Causes for decreased ammonia

A

NA (rare)

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6
Q

Reference range for Urea

A

2.5 - 8.0 mmol/L

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7
Q

Methodology for urea

A

2 step urease reaction

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8
Q

Sources of error for Urea

A

Sodium fluoride
Ammonium heparin
Endogenous Ammonia
Hemolysis

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9
Q

Causes of increased Urea

A

Kidney disease

Increased protein intake/catabolism

GI bleeds

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10
Q

Causes for decreased Urea

A

Liver disease

Dietary protein insufficiency

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11
Q

Reference range of Uric Acid

A

150 - 500 umol/L

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12
Q

Methodology for Uric Acid

A

2 step uricase reaction

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13
Q

Sources of error for Uric Acid

A

sodium fluoride
Bilirubin and ascorbate
Hemolysis

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14
Q

Causes of increased uric acid

A

increased cellular turnover (tumor lysis syndrome, leukemia chemotherapy)

Diet high in nucleoproteins

Renal failure

Thiazide diuretics

Metabolic syndrome

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15
Q

Causes of decreased uric acid

A

Liver disease
allopurinol therapy
rare inherited conditions
Fanconi Syndrome

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16
Q

Reference range for creatinine

A

40 - 120 umol/L

17
Q

Methodology for creatinine

A

Alkaline picrate

18
Q

Sources of error for creatinine

A

Ketones
ascorbate
cephalosporin
glucose and proteins
bilirubin
hemoglobin
lipemia

19
Q

Causes of increased creatinine

A

acute and chronic kidney disease

hypertension

20
Q

Causes of decreased creatinine

A

values are lower in women, children and the elderly

21
Q

Creatinine Clearance formula

A

C = (UV/P) * (1.73/SA)

22
Q

Creatinine Clearance reference range

A

1.30 - 2.30 mL/sec/1.73 m^2

MLSCI 360 (4 decks)

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