Non-Opioid Drugs Flashcards
What do NSAIDS act to relieve?
Inflammation
What are the 2 types of NSAIDS?
Non-selective COX inhibitors = 1 + 2
Selective COX-2 inhibitors
What is an example of a non-selective NSAID?
Ibuprofen
What is an example of a selective COX-2 NSAID?
Celecoxib
What do COX enzymes do?
Help to convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandins
What are the NSAIDS pharmacological effects?
Analgesic (CNS + peripheral)
Antipyretic (CNS)
Anti-inflammatory
What are some adverse effects of NSAIDs?
Platelet dysfunction = bleeding
Gastric + peptic ulcers
GI tract bleeding
What is the inhibition of COX-2 due to?
Anti-inflammatory actions of NSAIDs
What is the inhibition of COX-1 responsible for?
GI tract toxicity
What is an example of a salicylate?
Aspirin
What is aspirin’s effect on respiration?
High doses = increase CO2 = hyperventilation
What is aspirin’s effect on GI?
PGs …
- inhibit stomach acid secretion
- stimulate mucus + HCO3- secretion
= cytoprotective
^^^ THEREFORE NSAIDS STOP THIS ^^^
What is aspirin’s effect on cardiovascular?
Inhibition of platelet aggregation
Elevate BP
Destabilise atherosclerotic plaque
What is paracetamol used for?
Mild analgesic effect
What are the advantages of paracetamol?
Well-absorbed
Without GIT irritation
What are the disadvantages of paracetamol?
High doses = severe hepatotoxicity
Describe paracetamol’s mechanism of action
Centrally + peripherally
Inhibition of PG synthesis in inflamed tissues
What are selective COX-2 inhibitors associated with?
MI + stroke
= do NOT inhibit platelet aggregation
What is an example of an anticonvulsant?
Carbamazepine (Na+ blocker)
What is an example of an antiepileptic?
Gabapentin + pregabalin
How does gabapentin + pregabalin work?
Act via binding alpha-2,beta-1 subunit of Ca2+ channel
What are tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)?
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors
What is an example of a TCA?
Amitriptyline
