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S3 Case 1 - Neurology > CNS Structure + Function > Flashcards

CNS Structure + Function Flashcards

1
Q

What are the meninges?

A

Connective tissue membranes

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2
Q

What are the different meninges?

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

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3
Q

What are the spaces in the spinal cord?

A

Epidural
Subdural space
Subarachnoid

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4
Q

What is CSF produced by?

A

Ependymal cells

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5
Q

What are ependymal cells important for?

A

Barrier cells
CSF producing + moving cells

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6
Q

What is the BBB?

A

Highly selective permeable barrier that separates circulating blood from the brain

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7
Q

What is the BBB formed from?

A

Capillary endothelial cells, which are connected by tight junctions

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8
Q

What does the BBB allow passage of?

A

H2O
Some gases
Lipid soluble molecules - eg. steroids

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9
Q

What does the BBB prevent entry of?

A

Neurotoxins

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10
Q

What is the function of the BBB related to its structure?

A

Astrocyte foot processes secrete paracrine that promote tight junction formation
Tight junctions prevent solute movement between endothelial cells

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11
Q

What are the 3 specialisations of the cerebral cortex?

A

Sensory area - translated into perception
Motor area - skeletal muscle movement
Association area - integrate info from sensory to motor

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12
Q

What does the primary motor cortex allow?

A

Conscious control of precise, skilled, voluntary movements

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13
Q

What is lateralisation?

A

Left side of brain controls right side of body

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14
Q

What is the limbic system?

A

MEMORY

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15
Q

What is part of the limbic system?

A

Cingulated gyrus
Hippocampus
Amygdala

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16
Q

What role does the cingulated gyrus play in the limbic system?

A

Emotion

17
Q

What role does the hippocampus play in the limbic system?

A

Learning + memory

18
Q

What role does the amygdala play in the limbic system?

A

Emotion + memory

19
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?
4Fs

A

Feeding
Fighting
Fleeing
Reproductive behaviour

20
Q

What is some of the functions of the midbrain?

A

Visual + auditory systems

21
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum (hindbrain)?

A

Coordination, balance + motor learning

22
Q

What is the function of the pons + medulla (medulla)?

A

Important link between spinal cord + higher brain levels
eg. signal relay + involuntary functions

23
Q

What is specifically pons involved in?

A

Motor control + sensory analysis
Acts as sensory/motor relay centre

24
Q

Why is the medulla oblongata important?

A

Contains relay stations + reflex centres
= regulates rate + force of heartbeat
= regulates breathing rhythm
= protective system

25
Q
A

S3 Case 1 - Neurology (16 decks)

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